CHAPTER IX 

 PLANTING DESIGN 



Plants as material in landscape design — The time element in planting design — 

 Relation of planting design and maintenance — Plant characteristics in land- 

 scape design — Plant forms — Classes of tree forms and their uses in design — 

 Form the expression of mode of growth — Winter tree form — Form in topiary work 



— Plant texture — Plant color — Effect of character of leaves on foliage color 



— Range of foliage color — Restricted use of other colors than green — Effects of 

 foliage color — Contrast of color in differentiation of units in design — Foliage 

 color and aerial perspective — Use of " colored " foliage — Autumn foliage — 

 Winter color, bark, and fruit — Color of flower — Practical difficulties of design 

 in flower color — Circumstances harmonizing flower colors — Mass relation in 

 flower color — Plant character — Species and character — Individual plant 

 character — Character and environment — Relation of plant character and land- 

 scape character — *' Expression " and character — Association and symbolism — 

 Plantations — Inclosing plantations — Outline, modeling, and treatment of 

 informal inclosing plantations — Hedges — Low hedges and edgings — Speci- 

 men trees and shrubs — Tree and shrub groups — Composition of groups — 

 Shrub beds — Herbaceous beds and borders — Flower beds as parts of a garden 

 inclosed — Arrangement of plants in relation to form of bed and form of plants — 

 Arrangement of plants in relation to time of bloom — Arrangement of plants in 

 relation to color — Grouping of plants according to character — Planting as 

 surface decoration — Carpet bedding and parterres — Ground cover — Turf — 

 Planting in relation to topography — Waterside planting — Planting in 

 relation to architectural structures — Planting as enframement — Planting 

 as transition between ground and structure — Planting as decoration of structure. 



The architect, the sculptor, or the painter can create, within the Plants as 

 limits of his material, practically any shape, color, or texture that he ^^^^P^^ ^"' 

 may think of, and in his design there are no units other than those which Design 

 he determines. The landscape architect, however, in designing in 

 foliage, must for the most part choose those shapes, colors, and textures 

 which already naturally exist. However completely his foliage masses 

 and his flower beds are unified, they still are collections of recognizable 



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