THE BEAD. 



53 



periosteum in such animals has the effect of producing a considerable elongation and narrowing 

 of the upper part of the frontal bone. 



In the Sheep and Goat, tlie frontal bone is relatively less extensive and strong than in the 

 Ox; it does not ascend to the summit of the head, and the frontal sinuses are not prolonged 

 beyond its superior border (Fig. 32). 



B. Camel. — The frontal bone of this animal much resembles that of Solipeds. The 

 middle portion of its external face is triangular in shape, the base being wide, and the apex 

 fixed in the deep notch formed on the inferior border of the parietal bone; it is slightly 

 hollowed in the middle line, and convex on the lateral parts. The orbital arch rests on the 



Fig. 32. 



HEAD OF A HORNLESS OX. 



ram's head (anterior face). 

 1, Occipital bone ; 2, parietal bone ; 3, core of right 

 frontal bone ; 4, the left core covered by its horn ; 

 5, supra-orbital foramen ; 5', channel descending 

 from it ; 6, lachrymal bone ; 7, malar bone ; 8, nasal 

 bone ; 9, supermaxillary bone ; 10, premaxillary 

 bone; 10', its internal process; 11, incisive open- 

 ing. 



zygomatic bone, as in the Ox (Fig. 37). The supra-orbital foramina are transformed into 

 inflected canals, which open on the anterior face of the bone, near its middle. 



On the circumference of the bone are several notches, some of which concur with the 

 other bones, to form foramina (orbital, nasal) ; two are seen to the right and left of the line of 

 union of the bone with the supra-nasal, and two others are in the orbital cavity. These open- 

 ings are partially closed by the Wormian bones ; they open into the upper compartments of the 

 turbinated bones. 



In the young Camel, the middle portion is deeply excavated ; this excavation diminishes 

 as the animal advances in age, and as the frontal sinuses enlarge. 



C. Pig.— The frontal bone of the Pig is very thick and short, and does not join the 

 temporal or zygomatic bones ; the orbital arch is completed by a ligament. The supra-orbital 

 foramen, disposed as in the Ox, abuts in a channel that descends on the nasal bones. The 



* In the Museum of the Lyons Veterinary School. 



