282 TEE MUSCLES. 



2. Temporo-auricularis Externus (Attolens Maximus) (Figs. 168, 1 ; 

 169, 1, 1 ; 170, 3, 4). 



A very thin, wide muscle, covered by the skin, lying on the temporal muscle, 

 united posteriorly to the retrahens externus, in front and outwardly to the 

 attollens maximus. It arises from the whole of the parietal crest or ridge,^ 

 mixing in its upper half or third with the muscle of the opposite side ; it termi- 

 nates, by one portion, on the inner margin of the scutiform cartilage, and by 

 another, on the inner side of the conchal cartilage, by means of a thin fascia that 

 covers part of the former cartilage and the external scuto-auricularis. 



It acts as an adductor of the concha, drawing it inwards ; it also carries it 



Fig. 170. 



MUSCLES OF THE EAR. 



1, Retrahens externus; 2, attollens posticus; 3, 4, attollens maximus; 5, scutiform cartilage; 

 6, scuto-auricularis externus; 7, posterior auricular artery; 8, portion of the zygomaticus-auii- 

 cularis; 9, orbital process; 10, temporo-auricularis internus ; 11, temporal muscle; 12, scutiform 

 cartila£;e ; 13, ditto ; 14, concha of the ear ; 15, scuto-auricularis externus ; 16, internal scuto- 

 auricularis; 17, abducens; 18, corrugator supercilii ; 19, zygomaticus-auricularis. 



forwards, and concurs in making it pivot on itself, 

 the ear forward. 



as to bring the opening of 



3. Scuto-Auricularis Externus (Figs. 169, 4 ; 170, 6). 



This muscle may be said to be a dependency of the preceding, the action of 

 which it transmits to the conchal cartilage, and renders it more complete. 



Extending from the external face of the scutiform cartilage to the inner side 



' Owing to this crest bordering the temporal fossa, Girard has thought proper to give to 

 the two muscles of the ear attached thereto, the name of temporo-auriculares ; but it would be 

 more appropriate to designate them the parieto auricularea. 



