TEE GENITAL ORGANS OF THE MALE. 981 



cartilaginous saws, of certain other animals, and which appear to be related to the degree 

 of sensitiveness of the female sexual organs " (A. Lavocat). 



Glaiids annexed to the genital orgam.—Chatm has studied the anal glands in the Dog. 

 These are two oval masses about half an inch long, situated on the sides of the rectum, at its 

 teriuination. They are covered by a tunic of striped muscular fibres, and are formed by acini 

 measuring from -05 mm. to -07 mm. and -10 mm., whicli are lined by polyhedral cells of -009 

 mm. In the centre of the gland is a small reservoir that communicates by a short and dilatable 

 canal with the definitive excretory duct; this opens on the margin of the anus by an opening 

 partially concealed by a told of skin. The secretion is brownish and foetid. 



In the young Dog, the general disposition is the same, the constituent anatomical elements 

 only being a little smaller. 



In the Cat, the disposition of the glands differs but little from wliat is observed in the Dog. 

 Roj)Ems.— Vaginal sheath.— In the Rabbit, the internal inguinal ring is very elongated, 

 and placed horizontally below the inferior fiice of the pelvis ; the bottom of the scrotal cavity 

 — pyriform — hangs beneath the ischium. 



The cremaster muscle completely envelops the fibrous tunic ; the dartos is only represented 

 by a few scattered fibres ; the scrotum is covered by long and fine hairs. 



Tes^'c/es.— Tliese are ellipsoid in shape and relatively voluminous. They are lodged som'e- 

 times in the scrotum, at other times in the abdomen ; in tiie latter case, they are attached to 

 the bottom of the scrotal sac by a gubernaculum testis. The seminiferous ducts are very 

 developed, and easily separated. 



Epididymis— Vas de/trens.—The head of the epididymis is flattened, and the tail forms a 

 conical and very much detached appendix. The vas deferens is isolated from the vessels of 

 the testicle in the scrotal cavity, so as to form two spermatic cords. When the deferent canals 

 arrive above the bladder, they remain free and without dilatation, and open at difl'erent places 

 in the urethral canal, beneath a small valve. 



Vesicula seminalis.— There is only one— the male uterus— Vfith thin walls, lying on the 

 cervix and part of the upper face of the bladder. This vesiculus terminates, posteriorly, by 

 a very short canal placed in the prostate, and opening on the surface of the urethra, above a 

 Talve situated between those which cover the termination of the deferent canals. 



Urethra. — This canal is very dilatable, and has thin walls exclusively membranous in its 

 terminal moiety. It has no erectile enlargement at its extremity. 



Glands. — The prostate of the Rabbit is oblong and voluminous ; it lies across the com- 

 mencement of the urethra, but is prolonged forward in such a manner as to cover the deferent 

 ducts and a great part of the vesicula semiualis. There are two Cowper's glands, which are 

 oval and enveloped in the sphincter of the urethra. 



Penis. — When this organ is relaxed, it has a horizontiil direction, parallel to the coccygeal 

 region. Its total lengtli is about 8 inches— 4 for the fixed, and 4 for the free portion. The 

 dorsal border is thin, and the other border has a groove in which is lodged the urethra. 



The penis is contained in a prepuce or sheath, the outer surface of which is garnished with 

 longer hairs than those on the neighbouring parts ; it is also provided with a retractor muscle, 

 which is fixed around the penis. 



The other muscles tliat act on the penis are : 1. Two enormous erectores penis. 2. A 

 rudimentary accelerator urinse that seems to disappear towards the extremity of the organ. 3. 

 A long, flat muscle, the fibres of which are directed obliquely downwards and backwards, 

 commencing, as they do, on the borders of the coccyx, and terminating on the sides of the deeper 

 portion of the corpus caveruosum ; in contracting, this muscle draws the penis from the inferior 

 face of the coccygeal vertebrse. 4. A muscle formed of two bellies, attached to the ischiatic 

 arch, and prolonged behind by a tendon which is fixed on the dorsum of tlje penis. This 

 muscle — which we propose to name the subischio-cavernous (suberectores penis) — plays an 

 important part in copulation. We have observed, while injecting the penis, that the organ in 

 a state of erection is vertical ; but this position is unfavourable for sexual intercourse, and then 

 it is that the muscle intervenes, for when it contracts it raises the penis towards the abdomen, 

 and renders coition possible. 



Glands annexed to the genital organs. — Below the root of the tail, on each side of the anus 

 and prepuce, are two large shallow cavities lined by white skin, moist and destitute of hair. 

 In the centre of these cavities is a papilla with an opening in its summit ; this papilla corre- 

 sponds to the anal gland. 



The anal glands are conical, and formed of two little superposed masses — one brown in 

 colour, the other yellow-tinted. They are constituted by a number of glandular acini, that 

 secrete a fatty unctuous matter. At the bottom of these cavities also open the excretory duct 

 of two other undescribed glands. These are situated deeply on each side of the rectum ; they 



