THE GENITAL ORGANS OF THE FEMALE. 983 



Vas deferens. — This is not united to its fellow by a peritoneal fold ; it is slightly dilated on 

 arriving at the neck of tlie bladder, as in the Horse. The vesiculse seminales are elongated, 

 and lobulated on their surface, as in Ruminants. 



Urethra. — Tliis canal has a fixed and a free portion : the first is sliglitly inclined downwards 

 and forwards ; the second is suddenly inflected, and, with the preceding, forms the prepubio 

 angle, which disappears with erection. Its diameter increases a little at the bulb, and again 

 at the meatus, to form the fossa navicularis. Its erectile envelope forms a considerable enlarge- 

 ment at its commencement — the 6mZ6, and this is covered, as in the Ox, by the accelerator 

 urinaB; it also composes another, the glans, that constitutes the head of the penis. Oii its inner 

 surface are some valvular folds, and some depressions — the lacunm of Morgagni, the verumon- 

 tanum — and towards the summit of this a email poucli — the male uterus {sinus pocularis) 

 which, on a very reduced scale, represents the third vesicula df Solipeds. The muscles of the 

 urethra are the ischio-cavernosum^ accelerator rsinir;, Wilson's muscle, and the transversus 

 perinaei— superficial and deep. On emerging from the pelvic cavity, the urethra traverses an 

 aponeurotic membrane named the ligament of Carcassonne. 



Corpus cavernosum. — This oflfers nothing particular in its disposition. 



Penis. — This organ is free, and is suspended in front of the pubis. It is enveloped by a 

 fibrous covering — the superficial fascia, and a cutaneous cylinder — the prepuce. It is attached 

 by two suspensory ligaments: the superficial is elastic, and arises from the linea alba; the 

 deep is inelastic, and is detached from the symphysis pubis and the anterior pillar of the 

 inguinal ring. (It is usual to describe only one ligament — the Ugamentum suspensorium penis, 

 separating to form two layers which give passage to the dorsal vessels, and nerves of the penis.) 

 The glans is separated from the rest of the organ by a constriction designated the cervix, and 

 around this the skin forms a (circular) fold — the prepuce, which covers the glans more or less 

 completely. It is attached to the middle of its lower face by a thin fold — ihefrsenum prssputii. 

 The inner surface of the prepuce has a large number of sebaceous glands. 



CHAPTER IL 

 GENITAL ORGANS OF THE FEMALE. 



Preparation. — In dissecting the female generative organs, their normal relations should be 

 preserved as much as possible by preparing the subject as in Fig. 536. 



1. Place the subject in the first position, carefully removing the skin covering the perinaeum 

 and mammae, the [lart of the abdominal walls on v/hich the latter rest being left, but the intes- 

 tines removed according to the usual procedure — a portion of the floating colon being only 

 allowed to remain, i'inally, the posterior part of the trunk is cut away by sawing through 

 the spine at the sixteenth dorsal vertebra. 



2. Before proceeding to dissect, it is well to inject the bulb of the vagina by the internal 

 pudic artery near its origin, and the uterus and bladder c^ould be inflated. 



To inflate the uterus, the following is the procedure : tlio cervix is made to project through 

 an incision in the middle line of the wall of the vagina; then a straw or inflating tube is 

 introduced into the uttrus, and air injected thereby ; when sufliciently distended, the cervix is 

 firmly tied with a waxed thread. The bladder fr: distended by injecting air through a ureter, 

 after closing the urethra; this is done by finding the meatus urinarius with the index finger 

 of the left hand ; a hook is then placed on the orifice, which is drawn to the vulva, where two 

 pins are pushed crossways through its mucous menibrane and a ligature of waxed thread tied 

 behind these; the points of the pins are cut ofi", and the parts allowed to resume their natural 

 position. 



Finally, the vagina and rectum are slightly distended by means of bundles of tow. 



3. When these preparations are completed, one of the posterior limbs is disarticulated; 

 the upper part of the gluteal and posterior crural muscles, as well as a portion of the sacro- 

 Bciatic ligament, are cut away. In removing the cellulo-adipose tissue from the pelvic cavity, 

 the neok of the bladder, the rectum, and the vulva are freed ; care should be taken not to 

 injure the peritoneal fold that surrounds the nn'ddle region of the vagina. The constrictor 

 muscle of the vulva is exposed in removing the skin by shreds with scissors, as was done with 

 the orbicularis muscle of the lips. Afterwards, the portion of the ischium which conceals some 

 portions of the details of the preparation is removed by the saw. 



