142 DISEASES OF THE SALIVARY GLANDS, TONSILS AND PHARYNX. 



Lesions. Intense congestion of mucosae of nose, mouth, pharynx, 

 larynx, and bronchi, with here and there patches of false membrane, 

 which may be soft or tough, according to the duration of the attack. 

 The deep surface of the false memhranes is blood-stained ; and, according 

 to Preitsch, false membranes sometimes occur in the oesophagus, rumen, 

 and omasum, which in consequence may show patches of ulceration. 



Treatment (as for the horse). This includes poultices, counter-irri- 

 tants, laxatives, febrifuges, alkalies and antiseptics. Inhalations of medi- 

 cated vapour, warm water to which has been added some antiseptic — 

 carbolic, lysol, creolin, camphor, sulphurous acid ; or for calves, iodoform, 

 oil of turpentine, calcium sulphide, silver nitrate, coal tar. To detach 

 the false memhi'anes ipecacuanha and potash chlorate, or soda sulphate, 

 or magnesia sulphate may be tried. Papayin and pepsin have been 

 suggested as appropriate remedies. Anyodnes — digitalis, belladonna, 

 morphia and aconite — may be useful. Tracheotomy is indicated as a 

 last resort. 



PSEUDO-MEMBRANOUS PHARYNGITIS IN SHEEP. 



Pioche-Lubin states that this is common in flocks as a result of moving 

 the sheep in dusty enclosures. The dust is supposed to excite the intense 

 croupous inflammation of the mucous membrane. The disease has been 

 noticed in spring in young lambs shortly after weaning. Damman 

 states that he transmitted the disease to the sheep from the exudate of 

 the calf. 



Symptoms. Frotliy salivation with constant movements of the jaws, 

 viscid nasal discharge, difficult deglutition, panting, snufliing breathing, 

 throat swollen and very tender, frequent cough, discharge of exudate. The 

 head and neck are extended, the eyes dull, appetite is lost, the mucous 

 membranes are red or cyanotic, and the animal appears weak and listless. 

 As respiration becomes more difficult the mouth is held open, the tongue 

 is protruded, and with each cough shreds of false membrane are expelled. 

 Death from sufl'ocation is not uncommon. 



The lesions are not different from those seen in the calf. 



The treatment is similar to that for the calf. Tepid drinks con- 

 taining hydrochloric acid, or sulphate of soda (1 lb. to 50 sheep) in the 

 drinking water, has been recommended. Fumigation with sulphurous 

 acid or chlorine may be tried. Small numl)ers may be treated by swab- 

 bing the throat with solution of sodii hyposulphis or weak caustics and 

 antiseptics. 



In young and in adult pigs pseudo-membranous pharyngitis is often 

 only a manifestation of pneumo-enteritis. It therefore calls for no special 



