322 NASAL CAVITIES. 



reflex salivation occurs, and the discharge, Uke that from the nose, becomes 

 excessively foetid. This stomatitis differs entirely from ordinary forms 

 of stomatitis and from the stomatitis peculiar to foot-and-mouth disease, 

 and is characterised by the necrosis of fragments of epithelium forming 

 false membranes. These on being shed leave exposed numerous ulcers 

 distributed over the tongue, cheeks, and lips. Neither vesicles nor pus- 

 tules are produced, but merely false membranes of small dimensions. 



The false membranes and ulcerations occur on the soft palate and in 

 the pharynx. 



When the patients survive for a certain time, croupal enteritis and 

 ulcerative enteritis, sometimes accompanied by haemorrhage, develop. 

 The administration of enemata is followed by the passage of faeces con- 

 taining considerable fragments of epithelium or of streaks of blood. 

 From the outset these digestive complications are indicated by failure to 

 ruminate, by cessation of peristalsis and by constipation, which is usually 

 succeeded by abundant foetid diarrhoea. 



Functional disturbance of the genito-urinary api^aratus is rarer, or 

 at least more difficult to detect. The animals refuse drink ; micturition 

 seems to be suspended or very difficult. The urine may be albuminous 

 or rose-coloured, in consequence of the presence of haematin ; more rarely 

 it is purulent or sanguinolent. There may also be urethritis, cystitis, 

 j)yelitis, and nephritis, with the passage of hyalin cylinders in the urine, 

 although this is not always the case. 



In females the mucous membrane of the vagina and lips of the vulva 

 usually seem congested and oedematous ; but it is rare to find diph- 

 theritic false membranes, as on the buccal and nasal mucous membranes, 

 etc. On the other hand, vaginitis and exudative metritis are common. 



Cutaneous outbreaks also constitute important symptoms by which 

 this disease is recognised. At points where the skin is fine, on the 

 inner surface of the thighs, around the girth, on the inner surface of 

 the forearm, and on the mammae, etc., an exanthematous eruption 

 occurs, followed later by the development of pustules, which at first 

 sight might suggest cow-pox. 



These pustules are prominently apparent, and can readily be detected 

 on palpation. They are more or less confluent, hard, and without a 

 peripheral oedematous zone. 



In the case of the mammae these pustules occur most commonly on 

 the teats, are round or slightly oval in form, bright red in colour, and 

 sometimes violet-red. They never become converted into vesico-pustules, 

 as in cow-pox, or into vesicles ; and in no way resemble the skin eruption 

 peculiar to foot-and-mouth disease. 



Certain nervous 'symptoms have also been described, comprising 

 trembling, epileptiform convulsions, and paraplegia of the hind quarters. 



