108 THE VETERINARY SCIENCE 



liniment three times a day. In severe cases it is also well to 

 take three tablespoonfuls of mustard, two tablespoonfuls of 

 flour and enough vinegar to make the mixture like a paste. 

 Rub this around the throat every night and leave it on till 

 morning. Give plenty of cold water, a little at a time but 

 often. Feed lots of hot mashes with a little boiled flax seed ; 

 this will have a laxative effect on the bowels. Instead of 

 putting on mustard, a hot poultice of linseed and bran may 

 be used and left on all night. In very severe cases, and when 

 the animal's life is threatened by choking, it is well to per- 

 form an operation known as tracheotomy, as described in 

 Chapter XV. When this operation is performed it gives the 

 horse immediate relief because the air is drawn through the 

 tube instead of the nostrils. To tell when to take the tube 

 out, place your hand over it, thus causing him to breathe 

 through the nose. When he breathes clearly enough through 

 his nose to suit you, take the tube out of the windpipe and 

 draw the skin together over the wound with a couple of 

 stitches. Then treat as an ordinary wound. Of course, this 

 operation is seldom needed except in extreme cases. 



6. Chronic Cough. 



When no other disease can be noticed it is said to be a 

 case of chronic cough. 



Causes. — It may result from laryngitis or a neglected 

 cold. Sometimes a horse may have this kind of cough for 

 some time before he takes heaves, or broken wind. A cough 

 of this kind is generally worse during changeable weather 

 and is sometimes more noticeable after eating and drinking 

 or after being brought out of the stable. 



Treatment. — Give the following powder: 



Tartar Emetic • H pound. 



Camphor V\ pound. 



Ground Digitalis % pound. 



Elecampane 54 pound. 



Mix thoroughly and give one teaspoonful night and 

 morning in the feed or on the tongue. A teaspoonful of oil 

 of tar in his feed or on his tongue, three times a day, is also 

 recommended. 



7. Roaring. 



Breathing with a loud and unnatural sotmd upon any 

 violent exertion principally marks this disease. More air 



