DISEASES AND TREATMENT OF THE HORSE 225 



times a day on the tongue, which is all the medicine needed 

 internally. Attend to the animal's general comfort, keep 

 warm and do not expose him to cold, as such exposure may 

 "drive the rash in" and result fatally. Wash the irritated 

 portions of the skin once a day with the following mixture : 



Creolin 1 ounce or 4 dessertspoonfuls. 



Rain Water 1 quart. 



Shake well together and apply with a sponge or cloth. 

 This will kill the germs of the disease as they come out on 

 the scabs. The great danger in treating this disease is the 

 liability to catch cold and "drive the rash in," and in this 

 manner poisoning the blood. 



After recovery great care must be exercised to prevent 

 contagion. All straw, manure, etc., should be burned, 

 blankets, etc., thoroughly disinfected. The stable should also 

 be thoroughly disinfected by placing a quantity of sulphur in 

 a dish and allowing it to burn inside while the doors and 

 windows are closed. After disinfecting in this manner white- 

 wash the walls, manger, ceiling, floors, etc. 



2. Glanders. 



This is a very contagious or catching disease and one of 

 the most loathsome and serious that the horse is subject to. 

 It has existed for thousands of years, during which time it 

 has been the subject of special study and treated by every 

 kind of medicine known, yet nothing has ever yet effected a 

 cure. It may be chronic or acute. 



(a) — Chronic Glanders. 



This form of the disease was common in this country in 

 the early days when it was being cleared, and it is now 

 sometimes met with in the back townships. 



Causes. — It is due to the organism or germ known as 

 bacillus mallei and may result from a poisoning of the blood 

 as mentioned in the previous section. It is thought by some 

 that catarrh and nasal gleet may terminate in glanders. It 

 has been known to break out in a severe form on shipboard 

 during a storm when the hatches have been closed down. 

 There must have been, however, an affected animal on board, 

 although the disease did not manifest itself until such time as 

 conditions were favorable. It is a very troublesome disease, 

 especially when it breaks out among a large number of 

 horses, as in a city stable, a ranch, etc. 



