DISEASES AND TREATMENT OF THE HORSE 227 



Treatment. — Isolate the animal just as soon as the 

 disease is suspected. Use special articles — feed box, pail, 

 etc. — for feeding, watering, etc., and do not allow these to 

 come in contact with any other animal. Handle him with the 

 greatest of care yourself. Do not allow your clothes to touch 

 him and be careful that there are no cuts or scratches on your 

 hands. All these precautions are necessary, because of the 

 extremely contagious nature of the disease. 



When satisfied beyond a doubt that t an animal has 

 developed glanders, destroy it at once and burn the carcass 

 together with everything — bedding, halter, etc. — that has 

 been in contact with it and thoroughly disinfect the stable. 



(b) — Acute Glanders. 



Glanders in the acute form is not often met with in this 

 country. It occurs much more frequently in Europe. 



Causes. — It arises from the same causes as the chronic 

 form, the difference being that it runs its course much more 

 rapidly. 



Symptoms. — The symptoms, too, are very similar. In 

 addition to that outlined in the previous section, notice that 

 there is a tendency to tremble, the temperature runs up as 

 high as 105 or even more. The discharge from the nose is 

 profuse and similar to that of the chronic form, with some- 

 times the additional feature of being streaked with blood. 

 The lungs become inflamed, which frequently causes death. 



Treatment. — Follow the same treatment and exercise the 

 same precautions as outlined in the previous section. 



(c) — How to Apply the Mallein Test. 



Mallein is to glanders what tuberculin is to tuberculosis. 

 The method of preparation is the same. It is a limpid, serous 

 liquid, of a dark-brown tint and characteristic odor, to which 

 is added sufficient carbolic acid to preserve it indefinitely. 



First ascertain that the temperature of the horse is 

 normal. If an abnormal temperature variation is found, this 

 must first be eliminated by proper treatment. Inject, subcu- 

 taneously, into the suspected horse, 1 c.c. of mallein, and in 

 six hours take the temperature, and repeat, taking the 

 temperature every hour until it begins to fall. After six or 

 eight hours the temperature of a glandered horse gradually 

 rises 2.5 decrees to 4.5 degrees Fahr., and even more above 



