344 THE VETERINARY SCIENCE 



bunch of grapes. The bladder and the other urinary organs 

 resemble those of the horse. 



V. — THE GENITAL ORGANS OF THE COW. 



13. The Ovaries. 



The Ovaries of a cow are smaller than those of the mare 

 but resemble them in structure. 



14. The Womb. 



The Womb of the cow somewhat resembles that of the 

 mare, but the inside lining is different, being covered with 

 button-like proceeds about the size of a pigeon's egg, only 

 more fattened out. These processes receive the name of 

 cotyledons; to these the cleaning or afterbirth is attached — 

 a very important point with which every person interested 

 should become familiar. These may be seen by examining 

 the womb after calving or by opening a cow that dies soon 

 after calving. The passage from the womb of the cow is 

 shorter than that of the mare, but is formed on the same 

 principle. 



15. The Mammary Glands or Bag. 



The Bag, mammary glands, or udder, is a very important 

 organ of the cow. It is first divided into two halves by a 

 partition or wall. Each half is again divided into two parts, 

 each forming a quarter of the bag and each having a mam- 

 mary or milk gland and a sinus or pouch in which to hold 

 the milk secreted until the cow is milked. This sinus or 

 pouch is situated just above the passage of the teat. 



VI. — THE GENITAL ORGANS OF THE BULL. 



(a) The Testicles are ovoid in shape and well developed. 



(b) The spermatic cord and artery are small compared 

 with those of the horse. 



(c) The penis is long and pointed, and has an S shaped 

 curve in it just below the pubis, or hip bones; this curve can 

 be felt by feeling carefully just behind the bag. 



(d) The sheath is long and runs further forward on the 

 belly. It has a tuft of hair on the point of it. During the 

 time the bull is serving a cow the S shaped part of the penis 

 straightens out. 



