DISEASES AND TREATMENT OF CATTLE 363 



the ox, and where nails have worked their way through the 

 stomach into the heart, resulting in death. 



13. Binder Twine in the Rumen. 



Causes. — It is the result of eating straw that has been 

 bound with binder twine. The twine collects and rolls up in 

 the form of a ball in the rumen or paunch. 



Symptoms. — These are the same as outlined in Sect. 12. 



Treatment. — Refer also to Sect. 12. 



14. Impaction of the Many-plies or Third Stomach. 



This also receives the name of fardelbound, or dry mur- 

 rain. It is a condition in which the food in the third part of 

 the stomach becomes hard and dry between the folds and 

 cannot work out. In some cases it becomes packed in be- 

 tween the folds as hard as a board. 



Causes. — It is usually caused by eating dry and over-ripe 

 food that does not contain much nourishment. A common 

 cause is the turning of cattle out too early in the spring, 

 before the new grass has grown much. In trying to get at 

 the new grass they fill themselves with old, dry grass, which 

 lodges in the third part of the stomach and sets up impaction. 



Symptoms. — First there is diarrhoea, followed by 

 costiveness and stoppage in the bowels. Anything that does 

 come away is hard and slimy looking. The animal falls off 

 in condition, and if a milch cow she nearly goes dry. The 

 nose is dry and hot, the pulse quickened and the breathing 

 increased. Sometimes there is slight moaning and grating 

 of the teeth. The belly has a tucked up appearance, and on 

 account of not eating much the animal does not chew its cud. 

 If the disease is allowed to run on without being checked it 

 affects the brain and the animal becomes delirious, which is 

 followed by convulsions and death. 



Treatment. — Give 



Epsom Salts 1 pound. 



Ginger 2 dessertspoonfuls. 



Bicarbonate of Soda 2 dessertspoonfuls. 



Salt 2 dessertspoonfuls. 



Mix in a quart of lukewarm water and give as a drench. 

 After this give the following stimulant: 



Whisky 2 wineglassf uls. 



Ginger 1 dessertspoonful. 



Bicarbonate of Soda 1 dessertspoonful. 



Powdered Nux Vomica 1 teaspoonful. 



Salt t dessertspoonful. 



