DISEASES AND TREATMENT OF CATTLE 



369 



time give one pint of castor oil, which will bring the worm 

 away all right. Young calves are more likely to be affected 

 than cattle. Treat these the same, only give one-quarter of 

 the dose. As soon as the worm passes away bring the animal 

 back to its regular feed and habits gradually. 



24. Jaundice or Yellows. 



Causes.— This may be caused by congestion or inflam- 

 mation of the liver, or by bile stones forming in the duct of 

 the liver, damming back the bile. Stall-fed catile are more 

 liable to be affected by it. 



Symptoms.— Pressing on the right side of the bellv 

 causes the animal pain. The appetite is poor and there is 

 little desire to drink much. The white of the eyes and the 

 lining of the mouth and nose is of a yellow color. If a milk 

 cow the milk falls off in quantity, and has a bitter taste like 

 bile. The animal sometimes has a very painful cough, and 

 soon runs down in condition and has a very dull appearance. 



Treatment. — Give 



Epsom Salts 1 pound 



^ alt 2 dessertspoonfuls. 



Mix in a quart of lukewarm water and give as a drench, 

 but before doing so put one dram of dry calomel (which acts' 

 on the liver) on the tongue with a spoon. Wash it down 

 with the drench. Repeat once or twice a week until the 

 animal is better. Feed soft food, giving plenty of water to 

 drink and gentle exercise every day. 



25. Fluke Disease. 



This occurs in cattle and sheep pasturing on low-lying 

 lands, and is more frequently met with in rainy seasons. 



Causes.— Animals drink the eggs of the flukeworm from 

 pools of water, or take them in along with the grass. After 

 they get into the stomach in this way they pass into the 

 blood along with the nourishment, and then through the 

 blood until they come to the liver, where they lodge and 

 form into flukeworms. Here they deposit their eggs, which 

 pass down out of the liver along with the bile, then out of 

 the system along with the manure. They become dry and 

 are blown into pools of water and over the grass, where 

 animals again take them up. In this manner the worm gen- 

 erates. 



