45« THE VETERINARY SCIENCE 



Dissolve in a pint of lukewarm water and give as a 

 drench. If this does not give relief in one hour, give: 



Raw Linseed Oil 1 teacupful. 



Spirits of Turpentine Ya ounce or 1 dessertspoonful. 



Mix and give as a drench. If this does not give relief in 



two hours, follow with: 



Sweet Spirits of Nitre.. . .]/ 2 ounce or 2 dessertspoonfuls. 



Bicarbonate of Soda 1 teaspoonful. 



Ginger 1 teaspoonful. 



Mix in a half pint of lukewarm water and give as a 

 drench every two hours until it gets relief. 



In very urgent cases when the life of the sheep is 

 endangered it may be necessary to resort to tapping. This 

 operation is performed as follows: Select a point half way 

 between the point of the hip and the last rib, about three 

 inches down from the backbone. Clip the wool from this 

 spot, making a bare space about the size of your hand. Cut 

 a small hole in the skin just large enough to admit the 

 entrance of the trocar and cannula — that used for tapping 

 cattle will do. When the instrument has been disinfected 

 and oiled press it through the incision, downward and inward 

 until it enters the paunch. While the cannula is held in 

 position pull out the trocar. The gas immediately escapes 

 through the hole thus formed, and saves the sheep's life by 

 so doing. When the gas has escaped remove the cannula 

 and allow the incision to heal. 



Should a trocar and cannula not be on hand use a pen- 

 knife to make an opening and allow the gas to escape. 



4. Impaction of the First Part of the Stomach. 



The stomach of a ruminant is fully described in Part III. 

 Notice that the first division merely acts as a sort of store- 

 house for food hurriedly taken into the stomach to be after- 

 ward fully masticated. In a young ruminant this division of 

 the stomach is comparatively small, but develops as the 

 animal leaves its milk diet for ordinary food. It frequently 

 happens that the food taken into this division becomes hard- 

 ened and packed into a sort of mass to such an extent that it 

 does not pass to the next division to be prepared by being 

 rolled into balls and forced again to the mouth for re- 

 mastication. 



Causes. — Feeding upon such food as the sheep has not 

 been accustomed to get — grain, etc., being turned upon a 



