DOGS, CATS AND POULTRY 565 



then a few drops of carbolic acid. Place this in the box 

 with the patient. The bran and water will continue to 

 steam for some time, the steam is charged with the disin- 

 fectant and breathed by the patient. Remove in a few min- 

 utes and replace by another if necessary. Be sure to avoid 

 drafts and cold, both at the time of and after this treatment. 



Fig. 103. A Steaming Box. 



L Gapes. 



This disease derives its name from the peculiar manner 

 in which the patient raises its head and opens its mouth. It 

 is a very serious matter to deal with, and something that is 

 often quite wrongly treated. We give our own special 

 experience and method of coping with it. This we have 

 found to be quite successful. 



Causes. — It is not generally known that gapes is caused 

 by a small reddish worm in the trachea or windpipe. We are 

 unable to say just what is the origin of these worms further 

 than to state that they always make their appearance in 

 dirty, filthy, damp runs and pens. 



The disease is infectious, and members of a flock be- 

 come infected in the following manner: The worm multi- 

 plies very rapidly, the eggs are many. These and the worms 

 also are coughed up and become adhered to the. grass, feed, 

 etc., and find their way into the drinking pans and feed 

 dishes. Here they are eaten by the healthy fowl and find 

 their way again to the windpipe. The worms and eggs are 

 also eaten by other insects, particularly the common earth 

 worm, and in this manner are also eaten by the fowl. 



