MEDICINES AND RECEIPTS 603 



the tongue with a spoon ; for sheep, pigs or dogs give one- 

 half teaspoonful. 



25. Olive Oil. 



Source. — Olive Oil is extracted from the seeds of an 

 evergreen tree that grows in Southern Europe. 



Action and Use. — It is not used internally to any extent, 

 but is used externally for soothing and healing irritated 

 wounds. It may be used in its pure state or be mixed with 

 carbolic acid — 10 drops of carbolic acid to 4 ounces of olive 

 oil. 



26. Oil of Tar. 



Source. — Oil of Tar is a product of the pine tree, and is 

 used in the form of a dark, thick, sticky liquid possessing a 

 tar-like smell. 



Action and Use. — It is chiefly used in cases of chronic 

 cough and is a very effectual remedy. Give a teaspoonful 

 three times a day in the horse's feed, or on the tongue with 

 a spoon. 



27. Oil of Male Shield Fern. 



Source. — Oil of Male Shield Fern is obtained from a 

 shrub that usually grows along the side of the road in most 

 temperate countries. It is a dark, thick, oily liquid. 



Action and Use. — It is a most effectual remedy for 

 worms, especially tapeworms, in all animals. 



Dose. — For horses, 3 to 4 drams : cattle, 3 to 4 drams ; 

 sheep and pigs, 1 to 2 drams; dogs, ^ to 1 dram. Before 

 giving it to cattle and horses have them starved for twenty- 

 four hours, then give the above mentioned dose mixed in a 

 pint of raw linseed oil or gruel ; feed very light for three 

 days, and if the worm has not come away repeat the dose 

 every third day until it does. Give it to sheep and pigs in 

 the same manner, only in half the quantity mentioned of raw 

 linseed oil or gruel. Give it to dogs in half a teacupful of 

 new milk, in the same manner as for horses and cattle. For 

 further particulars see "Tapeworm" as treated for different 

 animals. 



28. Pepper. 



Source. — Black pepper, which is the kind mostly used for 

 animals, is from the berries of a climbing plant that grows in 

 the West Indies. 



