Anatomical Changes. Symptc 



15 



flammatoiy swelling extends also to the perilaryngeal connec- 

 tive tissue and superior cervical lymph glands. 



Intestinal anthrax occurs more rarely in hogs. When pres- 

 ent the mucous membrane of the small intestine shows severe 

 inflammatory changes and developing ulceration in patches or 

 over more extended areas (Carl). 



The spleen usually presents a normal appearance, but may 

 at times be greatly swollen and softened. Zimmerman, Carl 

 and Bongert describe as rare occurrence sharply circumscribed 

 nodules in the moderately swollen pulp, from a hemp to a millet- 

 seed in size, in which the cut surface appears brownish-red to 

 grayish-red in color, dry and lusterless. 



In one case of Wyssmann the lesions corresponded to a serofibrinous 

 pneumonia (inhalation anthrax?). 



Anthrax bacilli are found in great numbers in the gelatinous-hemorrhagic con- 

 nective tissue as well as in the swollen lymph glands. On the other hand, they are 

 only sparingly present in the blood, and in the spleen nodules mentioned they are 

 mostly found in a degenerated form. 



Symptoms. The time of incubation of anthrax after arti- 

 ficial infection varies from 1 to 14 days, depending to a great 

 extent on the place and intensity of the infection. After sub- 

 cutaneous or intravenous 

 inoculation the manifesta- 

 tions of the disease ap- 

 pear in 24 to 48 hours. 

 Sheep usually succumb in 

 2 to 3 days to the feeding 

 of large quantities of 

 spores. However, the 

 time of incubation under 

 natural conditions, when 

 the animals take up a con- 

 siderably smaller quan- 

 tity of spores, is undoubt- 

 edly longer. Thus in the 

 experiments of Pasteur, 

 R o u x & Chamberland 

 sheep, which were infected 

 vntli food grown on in- 

 fected pastures, devel- 

 oped the disease only 

 after 10 days. In horses 

 and cattle the time of in- 

 cubation seems to be hard- 

 ly less than .3 days. 



In horses, cattle and 



sheep anthrax when de- pig. 7. Fever curve in anthrax of a horse. 



velopmg as a result of an 



intestinal infection usually manifests itself in the form of a 



general, acute infectious disease in which the individual 



