70 Swine Erysipelas. 



sjniiptoiiis (liminislies from the second to tlie third day on, 

 whereupon the animals recover in a short time, or, on the other 

 hand, a chronic type of the affection ensues. 



In France, according to Cagny, they distinguish a mild and severe 

 form of acute swine erysipelas; to the latter helongs the "rouget foud- 

 royant" which terminates in a very short time in death, and the 

 "rouget blanc" in which death results so (|uickly that the reddish 

 coloration of the skiu cannot develop (also o])served by Zschokke in 

 Switzerland). 



3. Chronic erysipelas. It occurs most frequently as 

 chronic erysipelatous-endocarditis in animals which have recov- 

 ered from the acute affection. After the disappearance of the 

 acute manifestations the pigs are usually lively and have a good 

 appetite for a time, but on careful observation it may be no- 

 ticed by comparison that they are stunted in their development. 

 After 6 to 12 weeks they eat less, are dull, dislike to move 

 around, and lie down much, and almost always on the sternum 

 and elbows. In the meantime a cough, accelerated and super- 

 ficial respiration as well as a bright red discoloration of the 

 skin, ears, neck and sometimes the rump, is observed. If the 

 animal is urged to move about the dyspnoea and cyanosis in 

 a short time become more marked. The heart action is in- 

 creased, at times pounding, and may be easily detected over 

 the region of the heart. The pulse is threadlike; besides this, 

 instead of one, mostly the systolic, or both heart sounds, a 

 blowing or harsh murmur may l)e heard (endocarditis verru- 

 cosa, stenosis of the 'orifices). The body temperature is nor- 

 mal or sometimes increased from one to one and a half degrees. 



With such manifestations the animals may live for several 

 weeks. However, they become emaciated, very weak, a crusty 

 eczema frequently develops on the skin and even paralysis of 

 the hind quarters may result. (According to Eisenmann, the 

 duration of the disease in four cases was 34 to 112 days.) 



As a particular form of chronic erysipelas Cornevin, Hess 

 and recently Eisenmann describe an affection which is in gen- 

 eral only manifested by chronic debility. It develops several 

 weeks after the acute affection and consists principally in 

 accelerated and difficult respiration, digestive disturbances, 

 emaciation, hemorrhages and ulceration of the buccal mucous 

 membrane, hemorrhages into the hair follicles wdth subsequent 

 falling out of the bristles, eczema or also necrosis of the skin, 

 edema of the extremities as w^ell as serous inflammation of the 

 joints and tendons which may later result in deformity (most 

 frequently the hip joint). 



Course and Prognosis. The urticaria of erysipelas termi- 

 nates as a rule in recovery. Exceptionally, however, manifesta- 

 tions of a general infection or a chronic disease may develop, 

 when it results in death. The septicemic form terminates in the 

 majority of cases in death, but the number of fatalities varies 



