Symptoms. 185 



pleuro-pneumonia the development over night of a weeping 

 exzema around the ankles of the hind legs and over the hoofs 

 which later extended also to the front legs, causing suppuration 

 and scab formations). The paralysis of certain nerves, which 

 develops in the course of the first or second w^eek of the dis- 

 ease is likewise usually only temporary; the nerves most fre- 

 quently affected are the N. recurrens vagi, N. facialis, N. 

 trigeminus or the N. ischiadicus. In some cases, however, the 

 paralysis subsides only after a longer period. 



A more dangerous and quite frequent complication is the 

 parenchymatous or fatty degeneration of the heart muscle, 

 and the paralysis of the heart wliich develops as a result of 

 it, or owing to a pericarditis which develops at the same time. 

 The parenchymatous degeneration of the kidneys which is 

 almost constantly present may later pass into an acute nephritis, 

 manifested by a diminution of the quantity of urine, marked 

 albuminuria, and the presence of numerous other constituents. 



The manifestations of intestinal catarrh may increase in 

 severity and a profuse diarrhea develop. If this does not per- 

 sist for a long time recovery may follow. Severe intestinal 

 symptoms however which indicate deep-seated inflammatory 

 changes of the intestinal mucous membranes, always aggravate 

 the course of the disease, inasmuch as it causes in the weakened 

 patient an almost complete exhaustion ; and besides the diarrhea 

 is not infrequently a symptom of developing septicemia. 



Septicemia, exceptionally pyemia, usually terminates the 

 course of the disease, especially when the grangrenous processes 

 in the lungs have reached great extent. Persistent high fever, 

 chills, very weak and frequent pulse, as well as diarrhea, indi- 

 cate the development of the disease in this direction. 



As further complications may be mentioned pronounced 

 icterus, hemorrhages in the lungs (into cavities and thence into 

 the communicating bronchi), or between the layers of the 

 pleura, marked nervous irritation, sometimes associated with 

 spasms and trismus (Wohlmuth; Wilden observed in a case 

 the development of general tetanus 8 days after the onset of 

 the disease, which lasted for four days and suddenly disap- 

 peared on the fifth day). Inflammation of the cerebral and 

 spinal meninges, paralysis of the sphincter muscles of the 

 rectum and bladder, as well as of the tail (Friedberger), oc- 

 casionally develop during the course of the disease. Further, 

 inflammation of the eye, sometimes with hemorrhages into the 

 interior of the eyeball, serous and sero-fibrinous inflammations 

 of the joints, verrucose and ulcerative endocarditis, necrosis 

 of the skin over the edematous swellings, phlegmonous inflam- 

 mation of the subcutaneous connective tissue, breaking through 

 of a cavity in the lung under the skin of the thorax, falling of 

 the hair from mane and tail, may also result during the disease. 

 Pregnant mares may abort in the course of the affection. 



