Treatment. 229 



affected animals, and to provide a sufficient supply of fresh 

 water. Hydrochloric or sulphuric acid (8-10 g. to a pail) may 

 be added to the water and in the presence of fever wine or alco- 

 hol (I1/2-I liter to a pail). If the animals show difficulty in 

 mastication and swallowing they should be given green food 

 and bran — or flour — gruels. If this condition becomes aggra- 

 vated the animals may be fed artificially per rectum, and in 

 this manner they may retain their strength for a consideral)le 

 time. Pure fresh air is likewise an important requirement for 

 a favorable course, and it is advisable to keep the animals out 

 of doors in the summer time and in bad weather in roomy box 

 stalls. The halter should be removed as it may have a harmful 

 effect by its pressure on the swollen cheeks and nose. 



Wounds, ulcers and abscesses require antiseptic surgical 

 treatment. In the presence of a considerable swelling of the 

 nasal mucous membrane the nasal cavities should be carefully 

 syringed 2 to 3 times daily with a non-irritating disinfecting 

 solution (3-4% boracic acid, 2-3% creolin or lysol solution, 

 1/0-1% alum solution). The swellings of the skin are in many 

 cases favorably influenced by rubbing with spirits of turpentine 

 2 to 3 times daily, since under this treatment gangrene of the 

 skin occurs more rarely. Various other fluids may be used for 

 the same purpose, especially Burow's solution with camphor, 

 which is highly recommended by Dieckerhoff (Camphorae 50.0, 

 Plumbi acet. 200.0, Alum. 100, which is used in the proportion 

 of 1 tablespoonful to 1 liter of water), Goulard's extract, sub- 

 acetate of lead or alum solution (5%), spirits of camphor, etc. 

 Counterirritants should positively be avoided as the stimula- 

 tion of an inflammation enhances the development of necrosis 

 of the susceptible skin. 



If in spite of this treatment gangrenous abscesses develop 

 over the swellings of the skin, such defect as well as tears 

 should be treated after the removal of the necrotic tissue shreds, 

 by washing with one of the above mentioned solutions, or still 

 better they may be dusted with a drying powder. For this pur- 

 pose charcoal powder containing corrosive sublimate (charcoal 

 mixed with a 1% corrosive sublimate solution and then dried), 

 further Dermatol, Alumnol, Iodoform, Thioform, Tannoform, 

 etc., may be used to good advantage. A 5-7% creolin liniment 

 (smeared on wool and placed on the wound) may also act bene 

 ficially whereas tinctures (tincture of myrrh, tincture of aloes) 

 are less effective. This treatment should be continued until the 

 wound has filled up and healed over, but in the meantime pro- 

 tuberant granulations which may develop should be controlled 

 by cauterization (nitrate of silver or with fuming nitric acid). 

 Sores of decubitus should be treated in like manner. The con- 

 junctivitis may be controlled by blowing sodium borate into the 

 eye, while in gangrene of the conjunctiva washing with a 2% 

 creolin solution is advised. 



If the patient is threatened with asphyxiation as the result 



