Goat Pox. 



327 



mucous membraue of tlie stomach, flat ulcers surrounded by 

 a red zone, we have also observed such lesions with pale yellow 

 elevated borders, and a dark, yellowish-red, granular base.) 



Diagnosis. Before establishing a diagnosis, the various 

 forms of eczema, granular eruptions, and erysipelas-urticaria 

 should first of all be excluded. If necessary it could also be 

 established by artificial inoculation of the contents of vesicles 

 upon healthy animals. 



Immunization. In emergency this could be undertaken in 

 a similar way, and probably with the same results as in vac- 

 cination of sheep for the protection of the animals which are 

 not yet affected. 



Literature. Spinola, Krankheiten d. Schweine, 1892, 204.— Koch, O. M., 

 1887, 57.— Szanto, A. L., 1906, 541.— Poenaru, Arh. vet., 1907, 67.— Lovy, A. L., 

 1908, 103. 



(e) Goat Pox. Variola caprina. 



Occurrence. Goat pox has been observed principally in 

 Norway, where it occurs with relative frequency in certain 

 localities (Boeck, Hansen) ; it was also established in Italy, 

 Spain, France, Germany and Algeria, where the disease runs 

 sometimes a very unfavorable course. 



Etiology. The virus of goat pox may be transmitted to 

 goats with the contents of the pox eruptions, and also with the 

 saliva of the affected animals if the vesicles have appeared in 

 the mouth. Cutaneous inoculation results in the development 

 of a local pox eruption at the point of inoculation, associated 

 with very mild, general symptoms. In some cases the trans- 

 mission to sheep was also successful, however it only produced 

 an incomplete pox exanthema at the point of inoculation (Bon- 

 vicini, Marcone). Man is not entirely without susceptibility, 

 as occasionally persons working around affected goats develop 

 an exanthema with small vesicles on the hands and arms (Han- 

 sen, Marcone). 



Goats are sometimes infected by sheep affected with pox, whereupon 

 they become affected either with mild or severe symptoms. ^ A subcu- 

 taneous inoculation of sheep pox virus, when the transmission is suc- 

 cessful, results in fever after the third day. On the seventh to eighth 

 day a papular eruption appears, and if the animals die nodules are 

 found in the lungs and in the liver. There is also a swelling of the 

 intestinal follicles, and of the mesentery lymph glands (Voigt).^ Sub- 

 sequent inoculation of the fluid from the lesions at the place of injection 

 into goats is supposed, according to Konew, to increase the virulence 

 of the virus for goats, while for sheep it becomes attenuated (see p. 

 306). Voigt, on the other hand, found that it later possesses a lesser 

 virulence, even for goats. 



Natural infection results from direct contact, and in this 

 manner the disease spreads rapidly in goat herds, so that as 



