Symptoms. 363 



At their places somewhat deep, round ulcers develop later, which 

 extend to the submucosa, and hardly ever exceed the size of a 

 lentil (Fig. 60). 



The center of the ulcers is formed by easily-bleeding granu- 

 lation tissue, while the peripherj^ appears covered for a time 

 with a grayish-white deposit. After granulation tissue tills the 

 ulcers they heal with tine scar tissue, which later gradually 

 becomes pale. Only when the suppuration penetrates deeper 

 does a thicker scab form, which becomes distinct from the other 

 healthy tissue of the mucous membrane by its white color and 

 moderate dej^ression. 



In some cases the process also extends to the nasal mucous 

 membrane, when nodules, and from these, pustules develop on 

 the inner surface of the nostrils, more rarely on the nasal sep- 

 tum, but always in the vicinity of the border of the skin. Tlie 

 highly reddened, and swollen mucous membrane secretes a muco- 

 purulent discharge, which dries on the borders of the nostrils 

 to brown crusts. The inflammation sometimes extends to the 

 eyes by transmission through the lachrymal duct, the conjunc- 

 tivae then showing catarrhal swelling, while from the slit of 

 the lids lachrymation is profuse. The secretions sometimes take 

 on a purulent consistency, and sometimes small pustules may 

 make their appearance on the eyelids. (Mieckley observed kera- 

 titis, and iritis, associated with an atfection of the mucous 

 membrane.) The exanthema has exceptionally been observed 

 also on the inner surface of the vulva. 



Nodules and pustules develop on the mucous membranes, 

 and sometimes on the skin, which result in ulcerations. Such are 

 especially observed on the skin of the lips, the nostrils and the 

 cheeks ; in exceptional cases also on distant parts of the body, as 

 on the chest, on the upper arms, on the thighs, in the vicinity of 

 the rectum, and on the genitals, occasionally also around the pas- 

 tern, or over the entire skin (Rehnitz). On the affected parts 

 nodules up to the size of a pea develop in a similar way as on 

 the mucous membrane, only that dry secretions, together with 

 sticky tufts of hair, cover the ulcers in the form of brown scabs 

 the healing progressing subsequently under these scabs. 



Dieckerhoff observed repeatedly that the exanthema in some horses 

 of large stables developed exclusively on the skin, while the mouth 

 remained free from the infection, although the origin and the nature 

 of the infection could not be doubted, as typical cases occurred at the 

 same time in other horses of tlie same stable. On the other hand Fried- 

 berger observed a case in which the nasal mucous membrane and the 

 bordering skin were alone affected. 



An inflammation of the month similar to pustular stomatitis has been ob- 

 served by Bochber^, which appeared in five horses of a large stable. In this in- 

 stance pustules with depressions in the centers developed also in the neighboring 

 skin. 



In regard to an epizootic stomatitis observed by Theiler in South Africa, see 

 under Chap: Stomatitis vesiculosa Vol. IT. 



