388 Strangles. 



Recently a strangles serum, which is prepared in Rome according 

 to Vicchi and Gatti, was used quite extensively in Italy with satisfactory 

 results. 



Finally Delvos uses a serum from horses which have recently passed 

 through an attack of strangles for protection of healthy and treatment 

 of affected animals. Of this serum previously heated to 70°, and 

 mixed with i/>% carbolic acid, the dose amounts to 20 cc, the curative 

 dose from 30 to 40 cc. (if necessary to be repeated). The results are 

 said to have been satisfactory in the treatment of 94 horses. 



Literature. Haubner, Mag., 1843, 227.— Bouley, Rec, 1849, 89; 1855, 537.— 

 Hering, Spez. Path., 1858, 83, (Lit).— Schiitz, A. f. Tk., 1888, XIV, 172.— Sand & 

 Jensen, D. Z. f. Tin. 1888, XIII, 437.— Poels, F. d. M., 1888, VI, 4.— Nocard, 

 Bull., 1888, 22; 1890, 187.— Foth, Z. f. Vk., 1891, III, 192.— Lignieres, Bull., 1895, 

 369; 1896, 173.— Marmorek, A. P., 1902, 172.— Jess, B. t. W., 1902, 171; 1905, 

 242.— Piorkowski, Ibid., 1902, p. 1124.— Jolly & Leclainche, Eev. vet., 1893, 289 

 (Lit.).— Schnurer, Z. f. Tm., 1903, VII, 286 (Literature on Immunity).— Lingel- 

 sheim, Hb. d. p. M., 1903, III, 303; 1904, IV, 1185 (Literature on Streptococcus 

 and streptococcus immunity). — Stramnitzer, A. f. Tk., 1904, XXX, 519. — Dassonville 

 & Vissocq, Bull., 1905, 176.— Feuerbach, Z. f. Vk., 1905, XVI, 12.— Mitrovitsch, 

 B. t. W., 1905, 77.— Ludwig, Monh., 1906, XVII, 289. (Literature on Immuniza- 

 tion).— Gabritschewsky, Cbl. f. Bakt., 1906, XLI, 719.— Baruchello, Eev. gen., 1908, 

 XI, 497.— Otto, B. t. W., 1909, 921. 



Strangles in Cattle. Nagy observed in two mature cattle marked 

 and painful swellings of the submaxillary lymph glands, which devel- 

 oped with symptoms of high fever, and purulent nasal catarrh, and led 

 in a few days to abscess formation. After opening the abscesses and 

 evacuating the creamlike pus, recovery soon resulted (the pus was not 

 examined bacteriologically ; according to Kuennemann the bacillus pyo- 

 genes bovis is most frequently found in the pus from cattle, and is 

 considered by Glage identical with the bac. pyog. suis, see p. 144; 

 streptococci and staphylococci occur in pus of cattle only very rarely). 

 Peschke also observed multiple abscess formation in the glands on the 

 heads of calves. (Peschke, A. f. Tk., 1896, XXII, 346.— Nagy, Vet., 

 1897, 580.) 



Strangles in Hogs. Starcovici observed in Roumania (1898) an 

 affection in young hogs in the course of which the submaxillary and sub- 

 parotid lymph glands developed an inflammatory swelling and later 

 suppurated. The animals also showed debility, capricious appetite and 

 fever. During the disease, which lasted several weeks, they became 

 greatly emaciated, as the condition prevented them from taking nour- 

 ishment. Finally however, with a few exceptions, all recovered. In 

 the pus from the abscess bipolar bacilli and streptococci were found, 

 which were pathogenic for rabbits, guinea pigs and mice. The treatment 

 consisted in opening and subsequent washing of the abscesses. (Revista, 

 1902, 11, H.) 



Dog Strangles. Frohner describes under this name a rare affection 

 of dogs in the course of which the lips, cheeks and the region of the 

 pharynx become greatly swollen without a febrile rise in the tempera- 

 ture. On the skin of these places lentil-sized pustules develop, filled 

 with bloody pus. Later the submaxillary and the parotid lymph glands 

 swell to the size of a pigeon egg, and form abscesses (purulent lymphan- 

 gioitis and lymphadenitis). Following surgical treatment recovery takes 

 place in most instances ; sometimes however metastatic suppurations may 

 develop in the internal organs, when the animals succumb to pyemia. 

 The purulent inflammation appears to commence in the hair follicles 



