Anatomical Changes. 541 



a man's fist with contents of a mortar-like consistency or a soft 

 mnco-caseous mass. These abscesses are surrounded by dense 

 connective tissue capsules and frequently give rise to enormous 

 enlargement of the organ. In a case reported by Streitberg 

 the liver weighed 64 pounds. 



The spleen, especially of young animals, frequently con- 

 tains numerous small tubercles. Sometimes only a few large 

 cheesy foci are present. 



The kidneys, on the other hand, are more frequently af- 

 fected in older animals. The small firm tubercles may be dis- 

 tinctly seen in the brownish-red renal tissue. The large cheesy 

 foci are usually embedded in tough connective tissue forming 

 projections on the surface. By becoming confluent such foci 

 may involve an entire lobule and upon rupturing discharge 

 their cheesy contents into the pelvis of the kidney (nephro- 

 phthisis). The mucous membrane surrounding the point of rup- 

 ture may contain small tubercles or it may have been converted 

 into a loosely adhering cheesy mass. Tuberculous foci of the 

 kidneys may now and then have the appearance of lympho- 

 sarcomata. As a rule the ureters are indurated and their 

 mucous membranes converted into a cheesy mass similar to 

 the condition found when the process spreads upward from the 

 neck of the bladder. Tuberculous processes in the mucous mem- 

 brane of the urethra and likewise in the vagina are rare. 



Of the male sexual organs the epididymis and secondarily 

 the testicles wdiicli then consist of tumors with cheesy interior 

 are most frequently affected; in females the uterus and the 

 Fallopian tubes with or without involvement of the peritoneum. 

 In slightly advanced cases small nodular indurations may be 

 recognized by palpating the horns of the uterus. In advanced 

 cases these changes become more pronounced, and firm solid 

 masses enclosing large quantities of yellowish creamy or smeary 

 and sometimes ichorous fluid are imbedded in the uterine walls. 

 The mucous membrane contains at first small firm grayish- 

 white nodules which develop into tumor-like structures. Some- 

 times the mucosa becomes extensively ulcerated. These lesions 

 may perforate the serous coat of the uterus and their ragged 

 edges project into the peritoneal cavity. As a rule the Fallopian 

 tubes, especially the abdominal third (Fischer), are involved 

 and appear as thick solid strands. The ovaries are usually 

 affected only in generalized tuberculosis of the genital organs ; 

 in nearly all of these cases both ovaries suffer, the morbid 

 changes ' being limited to hyperplasia and the formation of 

 villosities on the surface (Mayfarth), or to the formation of 

 large tumors covered with villosities and enclosing cheesy foci. 

 (Gergely observed one case of extensive tuberculosis confined 

 to the testicles following an injury which resulted in retraction 

 of these organs into the pelvic cavity.) 



Abattoir statistics of the German Empire show that 0.47% of all slaughtered 

 cows were affected with tuberculosis of the uterus. According to Ostertag 65% 



