Tuberculosis of Cattle. 



551 



The alae of the nostrils may be indurated and the lower jaw 

 enlarged (Lienaux). 



Tuberculous inflammation of the pleura is not frequent but 

 usually occurs simultaneously with the affection of the luno-. 

 It may be the cause of soreness of the thoracic walls which 

 causes the animals to flinch or cough w^ien pressure is applied 

 to the part. Pleuritic friction sounds may indicate roughness 

 of the pleura or the presence of pearly tumors, and large masses 

 of the latter may produce a dull sound upon percussion, while 

 in fully developed cases the friction of the rough pleural sur- 

 faces may be felt with the hand. As a rule, how^ever, especially 

 when the lung is extensively affected, it is impossible to diag- 

 nose pleuritic involvement. 



Fig. 84. Cow with Advanced Pulmonary Tuberculosis. 



The general nutrition of the animal suffers in direct pro- 

 portion as the disease of the respiratory organs advances. 

 Symptoms of oligemia are indicated by paleness of the mucous 

 membranes and increasing emaciation. The skin loses its 

 elasticity and adheres more firmly to the underlying structures, 

 the animals become *' hidebound," the tuberosities and angles 

 of the bones of the pelvis become prominent. The skin, when 

 raised into a fold returns reluctantly to its fiormal position 

 and the haircoat becomes staring and loses its luster (Fig. 84). 

 The facial expression indicates exhaustion and sickness, while 

 the eyes lose their natural luster and are withdrawn into their 

 sockets. The appetite is at first variable but finally becomes 

 poor; while in addition attacks of diarrhea persisting for days 



