Subcutaneous Malleiu Test. 



711 



suddenness, that is, if the febrile condition is of short duration 

 only, four to six hours at the most. 



The reaction is negative if the rise of temperature does 

 not exceed 1.0°, or 39.0° C. 



A positive (typical) reaction justifies the conclusion that 

 the horse in question is affected with glanders; on the other 

 hand a doubtful reaction as well as an atypical reaction, justifies 

 a suspicion only, in w^hich case a final decision depends upon 

 a repetition of the test in about four weeks ; finally the absence 

 of a reaction in a horse in good condition and not of great age, 

 justifies the exclusion of the disease. 



Fig. 122. Organic Mallein Reaction: Edematous Swelling at the Point of In- 

 jection and the Afferent Lymph Vessels Following Subc itaneous Injection of 

 Mallein. 



In regard to the interpretation of mallein reactions the views 

 are still quite at variance. When mallein was tirst introduced into 

 practice a reaction of 1.0° C. was considered as positive ( Johne, Diecker- 

 hoff & Lothes). Subsequent experiences have, however, shown that 

 higher and longer continued temperatures only may be regarded as 

 such. Nocard regarded every horse which showed an organic reaction 

 and an extensive painful swelling at the point of inoculation and 

 showing a typical rise of 1.5° C. of temperature or exceeding 40° C. 

 as affected with glanders, while an elevation of only 1.0 to 1.4° simply 



