738 Epizootic Lymphangitis. 



(Carparini, Awryinskj'), while cleDoes observed in one instance 

 glanderous-like enlargement of the testis, with numerous soft 

 centers in its tissue (the weight of the testis was 1.5 kg.). 



In cattle Tokishige observed firm painless nodes as large as walnuts 

 scattered tln-ough the subcutis in various regions of the hody ; these 

 remained distinctly isolated, showed a slow growth and did not result 

 in abscess formation nor in ulceration (see also p. 670). 



The course is very protracted; the morbid process may 

 under favorable conditions continue for from 4 to 6 weeks; 

 under opposite conditions it may persist for six months ; even 

 after apparently complete recovery the symptoms of the disease 

 may reappear after a certain time. The general nutrition 

 usually remains good, although in malignant cases the animal 

 may become emaciated. In the meantime exacerbation may 

 appear with acute s^nnptoms, elevation of temperature to 

 40.6° C, rapid enlargement of the limbs, the lips and the nasal 

 mucous membrane, eruption of small vesicles, etc. (Awryinsky). 

 In a portion of tlie cases the disease progresses without in- 

 terruption until the patient finally becomes exhausted, and the 

 disease occasionally terminates with s^^nptoms of hectic fever. 



The mortality* is about 7 to 10%" (Tokishige, Pallin), al- 

 though in tropical countries it is considerably higher. 



Diagnosis. The differential diagnosis of this disease from 

 glanders may occasionally be quite difficult. In recent and 

 well marked cases, however, the flat and actively granulating 

 ulcerous surfaces as well as the creamy pus in contrast with 

 the crateriform ulcers of glanders and their viscid secretions, 

 are sufficient diagnostic characteristics. In chronic cases, how- 

 ever, the ulcers of epizootic lymphangioitis may have a similar 

 appearance. In such cases microscopical examination will re- 

 veal the nature of the affection, in epizootic hmiphangioitis 

 the bright parasites, partly enclosed in pus cells, are readily 

 observed without staining under a magnifying power of 400-500. 

 In addition to this, inoculation of rabbits^or guinea pigs with 

 pus produces only local suppuration, while the mallein test 

 gives a negative reaction. The good physical condition 

 of the animal in the presence of ulcerating skin disease speaks 

 against the existence of cutaneous glanders. 



Ulcerous lymphangioitis takes a more benign course and 

 the pus from glanderous lesions contains small bacilli which 

 stain according to Gram's method and when injected intraperi- 

 toneally produce orchitis in guinea pigs. 



Treatment. This consists, especially in the beginning of the 

 affection and Avherever possible, in the extirpation of the nodes 

 and IjTupli strands and the neighboring hnnph glands. The 

 prompt incision of abscesses and careful antiseptic treatment 

 of pus cavities and ulcers is of course always indicated. Thiroux 



