750 Infectious Abortion. 



total of 50-70 cc), the results of wliieli also proved satisfactory. Of 

 five cattle which, a long time before breeding, were injected subcu- 

 taneously in eleven doses with 100 cc. of cultures of bacilli killed by 

 Tuluol, and which during pregnancy were fed with cultures and 

 exudates, two animals gave normal births. Of four cattle which re- 

 ceived living cultures subcutaneously in increasing doses, from 4-40 cc, 

 a total of 140 cc, one gave birth at the normal time, while one aborted 

 shortly after the feeding of the infectious material, and two aborted 

 later.' Based on the results of encouraging laboratory experiments 

 MacFadyean & Stockman recommend immunization with 150 cc. of 

 virulent' culture 6 to 8 weeks before breeding. 



Literature, ^'ocard, Eec, 1886. 669. — Brauer, D. Z. f. Jni., 1S8S. XIY. 95; 

 1895. XXI. 455. — Sand, ibid., 1895. XXI. 195 (Lit.). — Berger, D. t. W., 95. 

 117. — Bang. Z. f. Jm. 1897. I. 241 ; A. f. Jk., 1897. XXXIII. 312. — Guillerey, 

 A. F. Jk., 1903. XXIX. 37 (Lit.). — Ostertag, Mouh., 1901, XII. 386; HI. d. p. 

 M., 1903. III. 287. — Preisz, Cbl. f. Bakt., 1903. XXXIII. 190. — Schottler, 

 A f. Jk., 1904. XX. 329. — Penbeithy, J of eomp. Path., 1904. VII. 362. — 

 MacFadveau & Stockman, V. J., 1909. 459. — Holth, B. t. W., 1909. 686. 

 — Nowak, A. P., 1908. XXII. 541. 



11. Infectious Vaginal Catarrh of Cattle. Colpitis Granulosa 

 Infectiosa Bovum. 



{Vaginitis infectiosa cjranularis s. follicular is, Vaginitis verru- 

 cosa; AnstecTcender Scheidenkatarrh der Kinder [German]; 

 Vaginite granideiise, infectieuse on contagieuse {French].) 



Infectious vaginitis is a clironic infections disease of cattle, 

 wliicli is principally characterized by peculiar nodnle forma- 

 tions on the catarrhal, swollen vaginal mucous membranes. A 

 Gram negative streptococcus is at present considered to be its 



History. The disease was recognized generally only towards the 

 end of the last century. After Isepponi (1887) and Ehrhardt (1896) 

 had observed its occurrence in Switzerland it was described in the 

 years of 1894-1904 by German authors (Trommsdorf, R. Frohner, 

 Martens, Ellinger, Georges, Hecker, Ostertag, Raebiger and others), 

 further by Jensen in Denmark, by De Bruin in the Netherlands, by 

 Gratz, Keleti, Ladanyi and others in Hungary, and by Saccani and 

 Tosi in Italy. The cause of the disease has been described by Ostertag 

 and Hecker, while knowledge concerning the mode of infection and 

 symptomology was especially furthered by the inquiries of the 

 "Association of Swiss Veterinarians" in 1902, and by the compilation 

 of their results by Hess. 



Occurrence. The disease appears to be quite widely spread 

 on the European continent, and most of the cows in the in- 

 fected herds usually become affected. As some of the affected 

 animals are impregnated with difficulty, abort easily, and sub- 

 sequently remain sterile, the disease causes considerable loss 

 in cattle breeding, which in severe cases is also increased by a 

 reduction in their nutrition and milk production. 



