398 Paralytic Hemoglobin emia. 



covery in the presence of an incomplete and transitory paralysis, 

 if at the same time the urine is pale red in color and the pulse 

 strong; also in those eases in which the marked disturbances 

 in locomotion rapidly diminish. In the prognosis however the 

 possibility should be taken into consideration that sequels to 

 the disease may develop, which diminish the value of the animal 

 for a long time, or permanently. According to Thomassen and 

 Thomson the paralysis of the muscles disappears in most cases 

 inside of three months, not infrequently however only after 

 5 to 6 months. Marek observed a case in which a paralysis 

 of the quadriceps, with a pronounced atrophy of the muscles, 

 persisted for seven months, in another case even for 11 months ; 

 after that however it rapidly improved and disappeared to- 

 gether with the atrophy in the ninth and twelfth months. 



The statistical data relative to the mortality vary greatly, as the severity of 

 the affection in the various localities and at different seasons may show marked 

 fluctuation. At the Budapest clinic in the years between 1890 and 1909, 45 :=: 45% 

 died out of 100 affected animals; the mortality, however, fluctuated considerably 

 in the different years. According to Friedberger & Frohner the mortality at the 

 Munich clinic amounts to 207^,, at the Stuttgart 40%, while Bouley estimates it at 

 60%,, Stockfleth at 50%, and Bay, based on 368 cases, at 70%. Among the 

 horses of the Prussian army the mortality varied in the different years between 

 26% and 46%, and usually amounts to 32-36%. 



Treatment. First of all care should be taken that the 

 animal be saved from all excitement, and especially from ex- 

 cessive muscular exertion. Accordingly horses which have 

 broken down at a distance from their stables should be carried 

 to shelter in wagons ; further it appears advantageous to allow 

 the animal to lie down for a lialf or a whole day on richly bedded 

 ground, and to turn it over at 3 to 4 hourly intervals if they 

 show no inclination to rise by themselves. Besides they should 

 be prevented from injuring themselves by continuous watcliing. 

 After the lapse of the mentioned time an attempt should always 

 be made to make the animals stand up, which in many cases 

 may be accomplished with the aid of a girth placed under the 

 rump, at the best however by the use of pulleys. It is a 

 favorable sign if the animal bears more or less upon the feet. 

 Frequently standing in the slings even for a short time is of 

 great benefit. If in proper supports the animal places no 

 weight on the extremities it should not be forced to stand, as 

 it may asphyxiate ; but attempts to get the animal to stand on 

 its feet should later be repeated from time to time, about 

 twice daily. 



Spontaneous passing of feces should be favored by in- 

 fusions of water, the passing of urine by moderate pressure 

 with the hand in the rectum. If this procedure does not lead 

 to results subcutaneous injections of eserin (0.08-0.10 gm.), 

 pilocarpin (0.20-0.30 gm.), or arekolin (0.06-0.08 gm.), or the 

 administration of salines should be undertaken, and the bladder 

 should be emptied with a catheter if possible every six hours. 

 Flour and bran gruels, green feed and good fresh hay are best 



