900 Paralytic Hemoglobinemia. 



465; Path, int., 1899. VI. 100. — Cadiot, Bull., 1907. 243. — Camus & Pagniez, 

 Ann., 1902. 621. — Dage8, Bull., 1901. 168. — Dieckerhoff, B. t. W., 1895. 1; 

 1896. 37; Spez. Path., 1904. II. 524. — Eber, Monh., 1892. III. 207; A. f. Tk., 

 1898. XXIV. 262. — McFadyean, Vet. Jhb., 1888. 71. — Frohner, A. f. Tk., 1884. 

 X. 296 (complete lit.). — Haase, B. t. W., 1897. 484. — Hauptmann, T. Z., 1898. 

 582. — Hink, D. t. W., 1901. 106. — Hofer, O. Vj., 1852. II. 151. — Hofling, 

 T. Z., 1905. 373. — Humann, W. f. Tk, 1907. 546. — Johne, S. B., 1879. 94. — 

 Kleinpaul, B. t. W., 1904. 369. — Konig, Monh., 1909. XXI. 1. — Lavalard, 

 Bull., 1907. 240. — Leipziger, Z. f. Vk., 1900. 389. — Lignieres, Bull., 1898. 744. 



— Lucet, Eec, 1889. 96; 1899. 209. — Xowak & Hartel, Vet. Jhb., 1901. 82. — 

 Ohler. Munch, t. W., 1909. 829. — Pr. Mil. Vb., 1899-1908. — Eazsovits, Vet., 

 1894. 559. — Schlegel, B. t. W., 1906. 463; Die inf. Eiickenmarksentziindung oder 

 schwarze Harnwinde, 1907 (Lit.). — Siedamgrotzky & Hofmeister, S. B., 1878. 115. 



— Thomassen, Monh., 1902. XII. 305. — Thomson, Am. v. Eev., 1905. 309. — 

 Wetzl, Klinische Blutuntersuchungen, Diss. Budapest, 1908 (Hungarian). 



Paralytic Hemoglobinemia of Cattle. There are a few publications 

 from which it appears that a disease, resembling the paralytic hemo- 

 globinemia of horses in its nature and symptomatology, occurs also now 

 and then in cattle. (Leech is supposed to have observed several cases 

 in dogs [D. t. W., 1899, 88].) As formerly all forms of hemoglobinemia 

 were thrown together, and as a conspicuous weakness of the hind parts 

 may also appear in other very frequent forms of hemoglobinemia (for 

 instance piroplasmosis), a positive determination of the cases originat- 

 ing in former times is not possible. According to the present stand of 

 knowledge how^ever, it appears very probable that the observers usually 

 had to deal with affections caused by piroplasma or hy certain blood 

 poisons, but not wdth cases of paralytic hemoglobinemia. A symptom 

 complex which permits the acceptance of paralytic hemoglobinemia has 

 been reported by Krug, Hartle, Saur, Notz and Baer & Kurtz. These 

 cases referred to affections which developed in w^ork oxen either after 

 several days of rest, or independently of it and also in other cattle sup- 

 posedly after colds. The disease was manifested mostly by disturbances 

 of gait in the hind parts or in weakness and stiffness (Bauer & Kurtz), 

 in enlargement and swelling of the muscles of the croup or thigh, 

 further in an elimination of a brownish-red urine, which however show^ed 

 no red blood corpuscles. Notz found at the same time in three cases, 

 in an otherwise negative post-mortem, a bluish-gray discoloration, swell- 

 ing, and softening of the muscles of the croup, back, shoulder and elbow. 



Literature. Baer & Kurtz, B. t. W., 1901. 48. — Hartle, W. f. Tk., 1896. 

 160. — Krug, B. t. W., 1893. 494. — Notz, W. f. Tk., 1900. 449. 



7. Hemophilia. Haemophilia. 



Hemophilia is a peculiar, as a rule congenital pathological 

 condition, which manifests itself in that, even after very in- 

 significant injuries or blood congestions, profuse hemorrhages 

 appear which are very difficult or impossible to stop. 



Etiology. Up to the present time the disease has been 

 observed almost exclusively in horses, and especially in thor- 

 oughbreds (English thoroughbreds), but according to Zschokke 

 an affection identical with hemophilia has not yet been demon- 

 strated in animals. The cause of the hemorrhagic diathesis 

 is still unknown ; in man repeatedly an insufficient development 



