Treatment. 1035 



disinfectants are adapted first of all, for instance, according 

 to Grmeiner and Schmidt, urotropin (5-8 gin. for large animals, 

 0.25-0.5 gm. for dogs, 2 to 3 times daily in much water) which 

 exerts a disinfecting action after its absorption and elimination 

 through the kidneys, owing to its ability to split off formalde- 

 hyde in the acid gastric juice. The remedy may be prescrilied 

 under the name of Hexamethylentetramin and is then much 

 less expensive. In ammoniacal fermentation of the urine it 

 is preferable, according to Uebele, to administer Helmitol 

 (10-15 gm. for large animals, twice daily; 1-2 gm. for dogs, 

 3 times daily in powder or 10% solution), because it can split 

 off formaldehyde in alkaline solution also and may therefore 

 be given subcutaneously. Both remedies diminish ammoniacal 

 fermentation and change the alkaline into the acid reaction. 

 Salicylic acid and its salts are further to be considered, also 

 salol, salipvrin, resorcin, benzoic acid, folia uvae ursi, etc. 

 (seep. 1020). _ 



In chronic catarrh of the bladder the same remedies are 

 employed, and also balsamics, especially copaiba, and oil of 

 turpentine. Here local treatment by means of irrigations with 

 disinfecting and astringent solutions seems more useful 

 (Gmeiner). According to Gmeiner oxycyanate of mercury in 

 a solution of 1 :1000-5000 is most appropriate, a small amount 

 of NaCl may be added. Uebele advises irrigating the bladder 

 with 2% solutions of helmitol. Other remedies are nitrate of 

 silver (0.1%), boric acid, tannin, alum, lead acetate (1-3%), 

 resorcin (3-5%), ichthyol solution (yo-2%), etc. 



The bladder is irrigated as follows: After emptying the urine artificially, 

 lukewarm water (35° C.) or better, a %% solution of NaCl is allowed to rim 

 into the bladder through a funnel which is connected with the catheter by means 

 of a. rubber tube; in large animals the amount injected is about 300 cc. ; in small 

 animals as much as 50 ce. The water is allowed to flow out by lowering the funnel. 

 Then the disinfecting solution is injected also lukewarm and likewise removed 

 after a few minutes. 



In certain cases of catarrh of the bladder operation may 

 be considered. 



Literature. Bunge, Z. f. Flhyg., 1898. VIII. 168. — Gmeiner, Monh., 1907. 

 XVIir. 61. — Hentrich, Z. f. Vk., 1905. 59. — Malm, Monh., 1905. XVT. 254. — 

 Neneioni, N. Ere, 1903. 447. — Schmidt, Die Cystitis und Nephritis usw Diss. 

 Giessen. 1909 (Lit.). — Sivieri, N. Ere, 1908. 18. — Suffran, Eev. vet., 1909. 

 405. — Taylor, Vet. Bee., 1905. 75. — Trolldenier, Monh, 1904 XV. 5. 



Twisting of the Bladder. This was observed by Stroud and by 

 Griveaux, each in one dog, and was manifested by pressure of urine, 

 retention, enlargement of the abdomen ; the dilated bladder could be 

 felt through the abdominal walls and on rectal examination, which was 

 painful. In Stroud's case there existed a paralytic weakness of the 

 hindquarter and strong swelling of the perineal region ; Griveaux met 

 an impediment in front of the neck of the bladder on attempting cathe- 

 terization. The trouble caused death in a short time. — (Griveaux, 

 J. vet., 1906, 393.— Stroud, O. M., 1906, 219). 



