02 



OSTEOLOGY. 



which the posterior is continuous with the frontal sinus, and the 

 anterior with the nose ; the convolutions of this bone are from 

 below upw^ards. The inferior bone is convoluted from above 

 downwards, and its interior is continuous with the maxillary 

 sinus. 



The use of the turbinals is to augment the surface of the nasal 

 chambers over which the olfactory nerves are distributed, while, 

 by their lightness, they do not add materially to the weight. 

 The superior meatus of the nasal fossa is between the upper 

 bone and the roof of the fossa; the middle meatus is between 

 the two bones, and the inferior meatus between the lower bone 

 and the floor. 



INFERIOR MAXILLA. 

 (Fig. 14.) 



This, the Mandible, or lower jaw, is a large, irregular, somewhat 

 V-shaped bone, situated below the upj^er jaw, and articulating. 



Fig. 14. 

 Inferior maxilla of Horse— antero-lateral view, a, Body ; 

 6 h' , Kami ; c, Neck ; d, ^Mental Foramen; e, Buccinator, and 

 e', Masseter surface ;//, Inner Surface of Ramus ; g, Molar 

 alveoli ; fj', Anterior border ; g", Bar, bounding diastema ; 

 h h' h", Posterior border. The angle lies between h' and h" ; 

 i i, Condyles ; k k, Coronoid processes ; I, Maxillary space ; Hi, 

 Inferior dental foramen ; n, Sigmoid notch. 



by means of a true joint, with the glenoid cavities of the squa- 

 mosal bone. It consists of two symmetrical branches flattened 

 laterally, and deeper posteriorly than anteriorly, the posterior 

 portions being curved upwards, and the anterior extremities 

 united, thus leaving a triangular space (the maxillary) between. 

 These branches, united in the adult, are separate in the foetus. 



