LIVER. 



313 



the latter, before it penetrates the diaphragm, receiving the 

 hepatic veins. The posterior surface is smooth, convex, and 

 marked superiorly with the large transverse fissure by which 

 the vena porta, hepatic artery, and nerves enter, and the hepatic 

 canals leave the liver. Being suspended from the diaphragm in 

 a direction sloping downwards from right to left, the circum- 

 ference may be divided into a superior right and an inferior left. 

 The superior border presents, from right to left, the attachment 

 of the ligament of the right lobe. The inferior border is cleft 



Fig. lOi. 

 Posterior view of tlie liver and diaphragm in situ, a, Left lobe ; b, Right 

 lobe ; c, Quadrate lobe ; d, Spigelian lobe ; d', Spigelian ligament ; just above 

 is the right kidney ; e, Left lateral ligament ; /, Paght lateral ligament ; gi 

 Broad ligament ; It, Hepatic duct ; i. Piece of the duodenum opened to show, 

 Jc, Opening of the ductus pancreaticus minor, and I, Eminence of Vater . 

 m, Vena porta ; n, Posterior vena cava ; o, Notch for the cBsophagus. 



by two fissures, which divide the organ into three lobes ; a right 

 superior, a middle, and a left inferior. The right lobe, the largest, 

 is flattened, and semi-ovoid, with the point downwards ; it has 

 on the upper part of its posterior surface a secondary pyramidal 

 lobe, the lobulus Spigelii, to the left of which a slight projection 

 of the risht lobe is sometimes called the lobulus caudatus. The 



