DAIRYING 



In round numbers there are 200,000 farmers in Denmark engaged 

 in milk production, 2000 of whom have each 100 cows and over, 

 a considerable number have from 12 to 100 cows each, while the 

 small holders have 4 to 12 cows each. The total number of cows 

 in stock was put in 1893 at 1,011,980, in 1898 at 1,067,265 head, 

 and at 1,089,073 in 1903. 



As an indication of the enormous growth of the butter industry, 

 a glance at available statistics shows that the total output of butter 

 from co-operative dairies from 1876 to 1880 was only £1,116,000; 

 from 1881 to 1885 it was £1,255,000; from 1886 to 1890 it 

 reached £2,411,000; and from 1891 to 1895, £3,900,000; whilst 

 in 1896 we find the export up to £4,600,000 ; in 1897, £5,005,000 ; 

 in 1898, £5,400,000; in 1899, £6,050,000; in 1900, £6,084,000; 

 and from the still greater increases shown in more recent Board of 

 Trade returns, the total export of butter produced in Denmark for 

 the past year may be put at fully £8,400,000 sterHng. About 98 per 

 cent, of this total export is shipped to Great Britain, and is for the 

 most i^art consigned to the ports of Grimsby, Hull, Parkeston, 

 Newcastle, and Leith. This enormous and ever increasing export of 

 dairy produce is most remarkable, when we consider that the total 

 area of the country, exclusive of lakes and rivers, is only 9,373,2/0 

 acres, and that every available acre is under cultivation, and being 

 made the most of. What is the secret of this conspicuous success ? 

 As must appear on every page of this Report it is education and co- 

 operation, along with peasant proprietorship, without which co- 

 operation could not be the success it is. One of the educational 

 authorities in Denmark in discussing the progress of his country said, 

 that " the mainspring of their success was the policy of ' moving to- 

 gether,' all for each and each for all. Our advance is a movement 

 of the people, the leaders being found in all ranks, from the largest 

 proprietor to the smallest crofter." All ranks and classes feel 

 keenly interested in the success and commercial supremacy of their 

 products. Further the Danes have shown a ready adaptability to 

 circumstances ; they do not cling to ancient customs and methods, 

 merely because they are ancient ; but with commendable zeal and 

 unremitting industry, they resolutely address themselves to chang- 

 ing conditions, and with alacrity adopt any innovations which their 

 teachers of science or Government experts may advise as calculated 

 to ensure efficiency. 



The Co-operative Creamery 



For the better understanding of the system of associated dairy- 

 ing, it may be well to give here a brief account of the conditions 



