92 REPORT OF THE SCOTTISH COMMISSION 



charged at the rate of 1 ore per 2 Danish pounds, but if anyone 

 desires more than 25 per cent, of the skim milk back he is charged 

 2 ore per 2 Danish pounds for all the milk in excess of 25 per 

 cent. Prior to separating, the milk is heated to 90 degrees and 

 the cream to 85 degrees centigrade. 



As at all creameries in Denmark, arrangements are here made 

 for making the most of surplus bye-products, and when there is an 

 over supply of milk in Copenhagen, cheese is made at this estab- 

 lishment with skim milk, to which is added 20 to 25 per cent, 

 of whole milk. The system of paying for milk here is as at all 

 creameries in Denmark, the price of milk being regulated by the 

 price of butter as fixed by the Copenhagen Quotation Committee. 

 At this distance from Copenhagen, the price of milk is lower than 

 in more favoured districts. Thus, when butter is selling at from 

 76 ore to 1 krone per Danish pound, milk is paid for at the rate 

 of ] 5 ore per four Danish pounds ; and for every ore that butter 

 makes over 1 krone, the farmer gets an increase of | of an ore 

 for liis milk ; and for every ore that butter makes below 76 ore, 

 the price of milk is fixed at I of an ore less. Eight hundred 

 thousand Danish pounds of milk are collected and treated at 

 this station annually, and the cost incurred may be roughly put 

 at 6000 kroner for wages, 2800 kroner for coal, and 70 kroner 

 for ammonia. This latter item seems small, but it is explained in 

 this way, that little of the ammonia is lost, being recondensed for 

 further use after having effected the purpose wanted. The rate 

 for conveying milk to Copenhagen over a distance of ninety-six 

 miles is 69 ore per 100 kilos (a kilo is equal to two Danish pounds). 

 Empty milk vessels are not returned free, as in Scotland, but 

 charged at the rate of 35 ore per can of 120 lbs. weight. A 

 rebate of 10 per cent, is allowed off* the rail rate on large quantities 

 of 10,000 kilos and over. For short distances of, say, 10 kilo- 

 metres,^ the rate is about 22 ore per 100 kilos, equal to about 

 one-tenth of a penny per gallon ; and for a distance of 170 kilo- 

 metres, the rate works out about |d. per gallon. 



1 A kilometre is equal to five-eighths of an English mile. 



