114 REPORT OF THE SCOTTISH COMMISSION 



there being not a single reacting animal in the stock. The milk 

 record of this herd for the past year was GOOD to 8000 Danish 

 lbs. per cow, the former being the yield of some of the younger 

 cows, and the latter that of a few of the best. In consequence 

 of having his stock certified immune from tubercular disease, 

 Mr Petersen is enabled to dispose of about one-fourth of his entire 

 production of milk in the town of Aarhuus at a very high price, 

 where it is sold as children's milk, the remainder being sold to 

 a creamery located on his fiirm and owned by a private company. 

 As is the case at all the creameries in the country, a large pro- 

 portion of the separated milk is taken back after being pasteurised, 

 and utilised for calf and pig feeding. 



Stenballe 



This farm, in the occupation of Mr Soltoft, is situated about 

 five miles from Horsens. Mr Soltoft is a tenant farmer and a 

 splendid specimen of the good old yeomau type. Stenballe 

 extends to 500 acres. The present occupancy was entered on 

 thirty-seven years ago, and the rent is £680 per annum. This 

 includes the use of the cattle as well as the land, the cattle 

 being bound to the land. He pays no taxes to the State, but pays 

 local taxes to the commune, such as school, church, and road 

 rates amounting to £70 a year. Where land is rented in Denmark 

 the system of tenure somewhat resembles that of sheep farms 

 in Scotland, the cattle being bound to the land. The tenant, 

 however, does not pay for the stock ; they are valued at the 

 commencement of the occupancy, and again at its termination ; 

 and where depreciation has taken place through mismanagement 

 or otherwise, the outgoing tenant must make good the difference 

 in value, but where on the other hand the value of the stock has 

 been enhanced, the landlord pays the difference in value to the 

 outgoing tenant. At the beginning of the occupancy the tenant 

 deposited a sum of fully £1000 as security, on which sum the 

 landlord pays interest annually. The reut is paid six months 

 in advance, and one year's notice is necessary on either side to 

 terminate occupancy. No compensation is paid for improvements 

 or for the unexhausted value of manures applied to the land or 

 for feeding consumed thereon. The landlord keeps up the farm 

 buildings externally, and the tenant is held responsible for the 

 internal upkeep. At the beginning of Mr Soltoft's occupancy 

 the cattle consisted wholly of bullocks valued at 150 kroner each, 

 or roughly eight guineas sterling, but now it is converted into 

 a dairy stock worth on an average fully twice that amount. 



The stock at the time of our visit consisted of 120 milk cows, 

 100 young cattle, various ages, 150 pigs, 18 workhorses, 22 young 

 horses, and 2 light horses. Mr Soltoft's herd are all of the Dutch 

 breed, and in order to keep up the purity he introduces fresh bulls 

 bought in Holland every few years. All new stock are tested 

 with tuberculin before admission into the herd, and the whole of 

 the cattle are kept immune by careful testing and isolation of re- 



