ON AGRICULTURE TO CANADA 



135 



Freight 



Freight, of course, depends largely on distance from market. 

 The freight from Fort William at the head of the Great Lakes, to 

 Liverpool is 19 cents per hundred lbs. From Winnipeg, which of 

 course is farther west, to Liverpool, the freight is 29 cents, and from 

 Regina, the capital of Saskatchewan, still farther west, the freight 

 is 37 cents. While it is quite true that the Canadian farmers must 

 ultimately pay the freight, they sell for cash at Fort William, and 

 when, as above mentioned, they get 80 cents per bushel, the only 

 freight deducted is the freight from their local station to Fort 

 William. Apart from these differences due to distance, which the 



GRAIN BLEVATOE, PORT ARTHUR, ONTARIO 



Canadian Government is doing what it can by railway facilities to 

 blot out, Canadian grain is paid for according to grade, which is 

 fixed by government inspection at Winnipeg. The farmer may be 

 paid one of two prices. He may be paid after the grain is loaded 

 on the car at the local station, settlement taking place on the basis 

 of Winnipeg inspection and Fort William weights. This is termed 

 " track price " ; or he maybe paid load by load as he delivers the grain 

 to the elevator company, settlement being made on the elevator 

 company's grading weights and dockage. This is called " street 

 price," and is based on the possibility of getting the grain shipped 

 to Fort William. Many complaints have been made by Canadian 

 farmers against the elevator companies and their methods of pur- 

 chase. The Grain Commission of 1906 were, however, of opinion 

 that the whole difficulty was one of railway transit, and that with an 

 ample supply of cars the only diiTerence between the two prices 



