LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 



Morgan's Attack on Gibraltar ... Frontispiece 



Pirate Vessels (1 7th century) ... ... ... 4 



Pierre Le Grand taking the Spanish Vessel ... 8 



Pierre Fra^ois attacking the Vice- Admiral ... 9 



Escape of Portuguez ... ... ... ... 13 



Brasiliano's Escape ... ... ... To face page 15 



Map of Central America and the West India 



Islands 17 



The Struggle with the Pirates at Gibraltar ... 21 



Lolonois' Fight with the Spaniards ... ... 25 



On the Coast of Costa Eica ... ... ... ... 32 



Blowing up of the French Pirate Ship ... ... 36 



Morgan's Attack on Maracaibo ... ... ... 40 



Captain Henry Morgan ... ... ... ... 41 



Captain Morgan's Escape from Maracaibo ... 44 



Burning of Panama ... ... ... ... ... 48 



View of Panama ... ... ... ... ... 52 



Avery chasing the Great Mogul's Ship ... ... 61 



Death <rf" Captain" Roberta 65 



The Female Pirates ... 68 



Paul Jones and Lady Selkirk ... ... ... 73 



Paul Jones 77 



De Soto chasing the Morning Star ... ... ... 80 



Cadiz 81 



Departure of the Alert and Discovery from Ports- 

 mouth... ... ... ... To face page 85 



Sir George Nares ... ... ... ... ... 85 



Cape Desolation ... ... ... 88 



Map of the North Polar Eegions ... ... ... 89 



Disco 93 



Entrance to the Music Hall, Disco... ... ... 96 



Explorers Crossing Hummocks ... To face page 97 



The Monument to Bellot 97 



Winter Quarters of the Discovery ... ... ... 101 



Winter Quarters of the Alert ... ... ... 104 



An Alert Sledge Party en route to the Discovery ... 108 



Sunshine in the Polar Eegions ... ' ... ... 109 



A Sledge Party starting for Cape Joseph Henry... 112 



Arrival of Lieutenant Parr on board the Alert ... 113 



Sebastian Cabot ... ... ... ... ... 120 



Frobisher passing Greenwich ... ... ... 124 



An Arctic Scene : Floating Ice ... ... ... 125 



Martin Frobisher 128 



An Iceberg breaking up ... ... To face page 129 



Nova Zembla, showing the route taken by Barents 



and his Followers ... ... ... ... 131 



Mock Suns, seen on 4th June, 1596, by Barents 



and his Followers ... ... ... ... 132 



Transporting Wood on Sledges for Building the 



House 133 



Attacked by Bears 136 



Eepairing the Boat ... ... ... ... ... 137 



Unloading,Dragging, and Carrying Boats and Goods 140 



View on the Hudson... ... ... ... ... 144 



The Eemnants of Knight's Expedition ... ... 145 



In Smith's Soimd 149 



Mock Suns ... ... ... ... ... ... 152 



Encounter with Sea-horses ... ... ... ... 156 



Tchuktchi Indians Building a Hut .. ... 157 



Sir John Eoss 161 



Fiskernees, South Greenland ... ... .., 164 



PAGE 



The Dorothea and the Trent in the Ice ... ... 165 



Magdalena Bay, Spitsbergen ... To face page 166 



The North Cape IQQ 



Esquimaux of West Greenland ... 172 



An Esquimaux Snow Village ... ... 173 



Captain Lyon and his Crew offering Prayers for 



their Preservation ... ... * 177 



The Edge of the Pack "] iso 



Dr. (afterwards Sir) John Eichardson 185 



Fort Enterprise ... ... ... ... igg 



Eichardson' s Adventure with White Wolves ... 189 



Perrault Dividing his Little Store... ... 192 



Esquimaux Kaiyacks and Boat ... ... 195 



The Terror Nipped in the Ice ... ... 197 



Back Addressing the Seamen 201 



Sir John Franklin ... ... ... ... 205 



The Erebus and the Terror among Icebergs 



To face page 207 



Cutting Ice Docks 208 



Ice Mountains ... ... .. 209 



Captain Eobert Le Mesurier M'Clure 213 



Back's Great Fish Eiver 217 



Esquimaux Catching Seals ... 220 



A Natural Arch in the Arctic Eegions 221 



Captain (afterwards Sir Leopold) M'Clintock ... 224 



An Esquimaux Sledge and Team of Dogs To face page 225 



Cape York, Melville Bay ... ... ... ... 228 



Eelics brought back by the Franklin Search 



Expedition ... ... ... 229 



Whale Sound, Greenland ... ... ... ... 233 



Dr. Kane 236 



Morton Discovers the Open Sea ... ... ... 241 



Esquimaux Snow Houses ... ... ... ... 244 



Kalutunah ... ... ... ... ... ... 245 



Cape Alexander, Greenland ... ... 249 



The Home of the Eider Duck 252 



The Schooner, United States, at Port Foulke ... 256 



The House of the Hama on the Ice. . . 'To face page 260 



A Young Bear chained to an Anchor ... ... 261 



The Sun at Midnight in the Arctic Eegions ... 264 



The Funeral of Captain Hall 269 



Start of Lieutenant Payer's Sledge Expedition ... 272 



Fall of the Sledge into a Crevasse 273 



View of Cape Horn ... ... ... ... ... 277 



Lisbon in the 16th Century... ... ... ... 281 



Bartholomew Diaz on his Voyage to the Cape ... 284 



Christopher Columbus ... ... ... ... 285 



Caravels of Columbus ... ... ... ... 288 



Columbus's First Sight of Land ... ... ... 289 



Discovery of the Isle of Spain ... ... ... 292 



Eeception of Columbus by Ferdinand and Isabella 



To face page 293 



Ancient Gold- washing at St. Domingo ... ... 293 



Columbus under Arrest .. ... ... ... 297 



View of Calicut in the loth Century ... ... 300 



Vasco da Gama ... ... ... ... ... 301 



Ojeda's Attempted Escape ... ... ... ... 305 



The Death of La Cosa 309 



Arrival of Ojeda and his Followers at the Indian 



Village 312 



Ferdinand de Magellan ... .,. .,. ,,, 317 



