ESTABLISHING FORESTS BY PLANTING 363 



from taxation, stimulated planting in many states. Although 

 much planting was done prior to the repeal of the Timber Culture 

 Act it is only within the past fifteen years, or since the establish- 

 ment of national and state forests, that planting on a progressive 

 and extensive scale has been under way. The recent rapid in- 

 crease in planting in the United States is shown in the consump- 

 tion of nursery-grown planting stock. Between 25 and 35 million 

 trees were planted for forestry purposes during the year 1915. 



2. THE PLANTING MATERIAL 



The forester must consider the stock that he uses in planting 

 operations from many different standpoints, all of which have 

 more or less bearing upon the cost and the degree of success in the 

 formation of the plantation. In general, these relate to the 

 following: 



a. The origin of the planting material. 



6. The size and age of the planting material. 



c. The source from which the planting material is obtained. 



d. The handling of the planting material. 



e. The pruning of the planting material. 



3. The Origin of the Planting Material 



Planting material as to origin may be classed as follows: 



A. Complete planting material: Plants with both root and 



shoot. 

 I. Seed plants: Plants grown direct from seed. 



1. Seedlings: Plants grown from seed without transplant- 



ing, 

 a. Wild seedlings: Plants developed on uncultivated soil 



from the natural fall of seed. 

 &. Cultivated seedlings: Plants developed in cultivated 



soil from artificially sown seed. 



2. Transplants: Plants that have been reset one or more 



times, 

 a. Wild transplants: Wild seedlings reset one or more 



times. 

 6. Cultivated transplants: Cultivated seedlings reset 



one or more times. 



