Reproduction. Moderately prolific, seeding every other year. 

 Flowers in April and May, and ripens about October. Seed, 20 nuts to a 

 pound; germination percent 70 to 90; vitality six months to a year. Like 

 all nut trees much fruit is devoured by animals. 



Range. New England to Minnesota and south to Texas. In 

 Canada only in southern Ontario. Optimum in southern Ohio basin. 



Soil. Inhabits rich bottom lands. Mesophytic. 



Association. Solitary or in groups with hickories, oaks, maples, 

 etc., in river bottoms; oaks and chestnuts in the mountains of Carolinas 

 and Tennessee. 



General. Commercial importance is very small in Canada as the 

 supply is practically exhausted. Valuable however for planting because 

 of rapid growth on good soil and high quality of wood. 



HICORIA MINIMA, Britt. 

 CARYA CORDIFORMIS, (Wang.) K.Koch. 



CARYA AMARA, Nutt. 

 Bitternut Hickory. 



Size. Average 50 to 75 ft. by 12 to 18 inches. Maximum 100 ft. 

 by 3 ft. 



Growth. Medium; most rapid growing of the hickories. 



Root System. Tap. 



Crown. Large with spreading limbs. 



Tolerance . Tolerant. 



Wood. Very hard, tough, strong, and close grained. 



Reproduction. Moderately prolific. Flowers in May and June; 

 nuts ripen in September and October. Germination percent medium and 

 vitality small. 



Range. Southern Maine, southwestern Quebec, southern Ontario, 

 west to southern Minnesota; the south to east half of the United States. 

 Optimum in the bottom lands of the lower Ohio basin. Altitude low; 

 under 2000 feet. 



Soil. Inhabits good soils. Low wet woods near the borders of 

 streams and swamps or high rolling uplands remote from streams. 

 Mesophytic. 



Association. Solitary with other hardwoods. 



General. Commercial importance is small because of small supply. 



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