HICORIA OVATA, (Mill.) Britt. 



CARYA OVATA, (Mill.) K. Koch. 

 Shagbark Hickory. Shellbark Hickory. 



Size. Averages 80 ft. by 2 ft. Reaches 130 to 140 feet with a 

 diameter of 20 to 30 inches in the Cumberland Mountains. 



Growth. Averages one foot in height per year for 60 years when it 

 begins to fall off. Averages one inch in 7 years in diameter growth. 

 Extremely persistent. Life up to 300 years. 



Root System. Deep, strong tap root. When it grows in wet soils 

 both tap and laterals are much contracted. 



Crown. Old crowns are of a few short, heavy, spreading limbs. 

 Young trees frequently have long cylindrical crowns. 



Tolerance. One of the most tolerant of hickories, exceeded in the 

 north only by pignut, sugar maple and beech. 



Wood. Very hard, strong, tough and elastic; 51 pounds. 



Reproduction. Fairly prolific seeder with good seed years 2 to 3 

 years apart. Both a sprouter and a seeder. Flowers in May and ripens 

 in September and October. Germination percent high, but vitality is 

 small. 



Range. Same as bitternut but goes a trifle farther north. Best 

 growth is west of the Appalachian Mountains. 



Soil. A tree of fresh fertile soils; in the north on dry soils; in the 

 south mostly on rich slopes and uplands, but also on moist river bottoms. 

 Mesophytic. 



Association. Grows in groups in bottom lands or solitary on ridges. 

 Mixed with nearly all the hardwoods on its various sites. 



General. Commercial importance is minor as the supply is small. 

 The Canadian cut for 1912 was 667 million feet board measure. 



POPULUS TREMULOIDES, Michx. 

 Trembling Aspen. Aspen. Asp. 



Size. Average 40 to 60 ft. by 8 to 12 in. Maximum 90 ft. by 2 ft. 



Growth. Very rapid but briefly sustained. Manitoba studies 

 gave 6 inch trees in 40 years, 8 inch in 55, 10 inch in 70, and 12 inch in 

 90 years. Life up to 100 years. 



Root System. Tracing. 



Bole. Cylindrical; straight. 



Crown. Rounded, scanty. 



Tolerance . Very^olerant . 



Wood. Very soft, brittle, perishable ; 26 pounds. 



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