218 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. [Jan. 



fat, to take the place of the butter fat which has been ex- 

 tracted, is, I ])elieve, desirable. I am aware that this may 

 seem to be dishonesty, and of course it is apparent that, like 

 any other business, this may be dishonestly managed. It is, 

 however, equally apparent that an article may be honestly 

 made with the addition of clean fats, and sold for what 

 it is, which may find a profitable sale at a reasonable price 

 which would make it sought after by a large class of con- 

 sumers. 



Such cheese can be cheaply manufactured only in factories. 

 Domestic production of skim-milk cheese can hardly be 

 made successful and profitable. Only when large quantities 

 of milk are handled can the maker avail himself of all the 

 mechanical inventions which serve to lessen the labor, to 

 improve the product, and at the same time diminish the cost 

 of production. Already I have signified my belief in the 

 co-operative system in dairying. Let us see if co-operative 

 butter-making, as it is becoming established among us, is so 

 carried on as to make factory skim-milk cheese production 

 likely to be profitable. As most of you know, the system 

 of co-operative butter production which to the practical ex- 

 clusion of all others is becoming established among the 

 farmers of this State, is the Cooley cream-gathering system. 

 This system leaves the skim-milk on the farm ; and it is 

 highly improbable that, at present prices, it would pay to 

 carry their milk to factories for manufacture into cheese. 

 Were cheese as well as butter production in view, doubtless 

 it would be preferable to take the new milk at once to the 

 factory. This would involve radical changes in many re- 

 spects. Such changes would involve expenses which the 

 farmers would be loth to incur. I conclude, therefore, that 

 with the Cooley system the conversion of skim-milk into 

 cheese is impracticable. AVitli the separator system, all 

 milk being taken sweet to the factory and the cream there 

 separated and made into butter, the case is difierent ; and in 

 other sections of our country are numerous factories worked 

 upon this system, which are successfully producing both 

 butter and cheese. The cream-gathering system is, however, 

 firmly established here, the many so-called creameries are 

 fairly successful, and this system is, doubtless, here to stay. 



