No. 4.] SHEEP HUSBANDRY. 103 



Dutch sheep were landed, forty having been lost at sea. 

 In the same year these or others are recorded as having 

 been carried onto an island in Boston harbor as a place of 

 protection against wolves. In 1635 eighty-eight Dutch 

 ewes were brought in, valued at fifty shillings each. July, 

 1633, an order was made that no sheep should be exported. 

 May 14, 1648, the following order was made by the General 

 Court : ' ' that forasmuch as the keeping of sheep tends to 

 the good and benefit of the country, if they were carefully 

 preserved, henceforth it shall be lawful for any man to keep 

 sheep on any common, accounting five sheep to one great 

 beast. And if any dog shall kill any sheep, the owner shall 

 either hang his dog forthwith, or pay double damages for 

 the sheep. And if any dog has been known to course or 

 bite any sheep before, not being set on, and his owner had 

 notice thereof, then he shall both hang his dog and pay for 

 the sheep." 



In 1634 an order was passed by the court : "that whereas, 

 the country was in great straits in respect of clothing, and 

 the most likeliest way tending to supply in that respect is 

 the raising and keeping of sheep within our jurisdiction, it 

 is therefore ordered and enacted by this court, that after the 

 publication hereof no person or persons whatsoever shall 

 transport any ewes or ewe lambs out of this jurisdiction to 

 any foreign place or port, upon the penalty of the forfeiture 

 of five pounds for every ewe or ewe lamb so transported." 



In 1652 Charlestown had as many as four hundred sheep ; 

 and in 1658 John Josselyn wrote, in the account of his two 

 voyages to the Colonies, of there being eight hundred at 

 Black Point in this State, and again mentions their having 

 great store of sheep in the colony. 



Twenty years later, Sir Edward Randolph, commissioner 

 of the Crown, wrote in his official correspondence that 

 " New England abounded in sheep." By successive impor- 

 tations, care in breeding and preserving, forbidding exporta- 

 tions and the killing of. sheep as much as possible, they 

 multiplied greatly, they became abundant on the commons, 

 and were watched and guarded by a shepherd. Herding, now 

 so successfully practised by the most eminent sheep grower in 

 the State, was first used in this country in Rowley, where 



