No. 4.] SWINE BREEDING AND FEEDING. 213 



therefore your buying of fodder articles must always be with 

 a view to what is left behind when you get through your 

 operations. A growing animal does not waste anything, it 

 is simply change. The wear and tear is simply discharged, 

 nothing is lost. In a growing animal a certain amount, say 

 from eight to ten per cent, is lost to the manure in growth ; 

 and in a milk-producing animal, like a cow or sheep, a cer- 

 tain amount is consumed in the production of milk and wool ; 

 but in the end take any two articles, that article which con- 

 tains the largest amount of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and 

 potash, is the cheapest article if you are in need of nitrogen 

 to supplement your home-made articles. 



I wish now to state in a few words simply what our results 

 have been, and the deductions drawn from our results. 

 We begin as early as practicable with a well-regulated sys- 

 tem of feeding. We begin, as I have said, when the ani- 

 mals weigh from eighteen to twenty pounds, and feed 

 nitrogenous foods ; and, in order to recognize the effect of 

 the food on any particular kind of animal, we have to take a 

 number of individuals and feed them under such conditions 

 that we can determine what each individual has consumed. 

 If we have the whole number in one particular stall, we find 

 that one drives the other out. In other words, the food is 

 very unequally divided. So we put not more than three 

 animals in one stall. In feeding the young pigs during the 

 early stages of growth, we find that they require a some- 

 what bulky fodder. Now, skim-milk answers that purpose, 

 as it contains only nine per cent of solids, and therefore as 

 long as it enters to considerable extent into your feeding 

 ration it has that effect. If you should continue to feed 

 milk you would not have that effect, because it takes too 

 large an amount of skim-milk to give sufficient food, and 

 therefore it is necessary to change the diet of the animal at 

 certain stages. It is not exactly necessary to say at seventy- 

 five pounds, but at a certain stage, say from sixty to seventy 

 pounds, change the diet. It seems that that rich nitroge- 

 nous diet which has been of such good service in a certain 

 stage of growth is not so valuable at a subsequent stage of 

 growth, and that we need to increase the group of carbohy- 

 drates, as starch and fat in meal, to increase again the effi- 



