274 



BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. [Pub. Doc. 



Surface water in crossing finished roads of the best charac- 

 ter and workmanship may be conducted from grass to grass 

 without any washing at all. The following sketch shows 

 this, which we may well call "The American Plan" — 

 adapted to a side-hill : — 



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We have plenty of iron pipes for almost every other pur- 

 pose, but nothing with connections fit for this business. 

 Iron men and pattern makers should study these points at 

 once. 



It is a common thing to pay a hundred dollars for a stone 

 culvert, where there is not room enough, so that a hillock is 

 made in the road, or the culvert soon chokes with mud. 



Flat gratings clog with sticks and leaves, and, when cut 

 into a flat stone over brick silt-basins, they cost much 

 .trouble as well as money. If removed for any reason, the 

 labor is lost ; while, if we had several sizes of iron pipes and 

 connections, the second-hand metal would be as good as 

 new in some place. Cast iron doesn't rot. 



It should be generally known that, for the surface drainage 

 of sudden thaws, when the earth is covered with sposh, deep 

 pipes in the frozen ground are good for nothing. The}^ are 

 too cold. Only cast iron pipe will endure being brought 

 near the surface of a road where it can feel the warmth of 

 the weather producing the thaw. 



Many of our wooden bridges over small streams and rivu- 

 lets might well be turned under the road in pipes of suitable 

 size, arranged as follows. The lips or flanges of cast iron, 



