No. 4.] SPRAYING OF CROPS FOR PROFIT. 271 



lU^VER MOREL 



Fig. 6. 



cabbage worui, currant worm, etc. If applied just at night 

 it is mucli more effective than when applied in the morning, 

 especially if the weather be bright and airy. 



Fungicides. 

 Fungicides or fungi destroyers are substances that prevent 

 the growth of the spores or seeds of the various lower 

 plants, the rusts, blights, smuts, mildews, etc., called fungi, 

 that feed upon and destroy our farm and garden crops. 



The most important of these is 

 copper sulphate or blue vitriol, 

 sometimes called blue stone. A 

 fungous plant growing within an- 

 other plant and taking its nourish- 

 ment from that plant, as most of 

 the fungi do grow, cannot be de- 

 stroyed without destroying the host plant ; but its spores 

 or seeds will be destroyed if they come in contact with 

 even a very small amount of soluble copper. The main 

 object, therefore, in the use of copper solutions, is to have 

 the substance spread over the surface of the foliage or 

 branches, so that the spores which are floating in the air 

 may be destroyed when they fall upon a tree or plant that 

 is in condition to allow of their growth. 



Copper sulphate is used in two forms, 

 i.e., the Bordeaux mixture and copper 

 sulphate solution. 



Bordeaux Mixhire. — Full directions for 

 making and using all insecticides and 

 fungicides are given in Bulletin No. 60 

 of the Hatch Experiment Station, already 

 referred to, and need not be repeated 

 here. Should any reader of this paper 

 not have received this bulletin, it can be 

 obtained by sending a postal to H. H. Goodell, director, 

 Amherst, Mass. The Bordeaux mixture is the fungicide 

 most universally employed upon all crops when the disfig- 

 urement of the foliage or fruit is of no consequence, 

 and is especially valuable because of the long time that 

 it will adhere to the foliage, and gradually give out enough 



Fig. 



