No. 4.] BARNYARD MANURE. 309 



III, — How TO MAKE Barnyard Manure. 



Barnyard manure should be made with reference to the 

 preceding and the following statements. It should be made 

 under cover, to prevent the addition of an excess of rain 

 water. It should be made in a room with water-tiffht floor 

 and sides, in order to prevent drainage, the drainings being 

 the most valuable part. It should not be stored under or 

 over stock, because of its unhealthy gases. 



Apparently the most economical arrangement which meets 

 these conditions is a room placed in the rear of a horse or 

 cow stable, running parallel to the latter and separated from 

 it by a tight wall provided with slide windows, through 

 which the manure may be thrown from the manure trough 

 behind the animals. This room would then probably be long 

 enough, and just wide enough to hold the accumulations of 

 the season. A better, though more expensive way, is to pro- 

 vide a square or round room, to which the barnyard manure 

 may be carried in a wheel-barrow or cart. 



One of the litters before mentioned should be provided 

 daily, the amount to be used being calculated according to 

 the amount of liquid present. With horses, allowing 61 

 pounds of dry dung and 22| pounds (about 3 gallons) of 

 urine per day and per animal, the proper amount of straw 

 would be from 4 to 6 pounds daily. This would give from 

 b\ to 5^ tons per horse, annually. With cows, the Germans 

 calculate the dry substance in the food, and take litter equal 

 to one-third of that weight. A somewhat extended practice 

 is to shake out the clean straw from the horse manure in the 

 morning, allow it t6 dry in the open air and then use it over 

 again. This allows of making a more comfortable bed for 

 the animals without admixing an excess of litter. If prop- 

 erly done, the method is not a bad one, but if it increases 

 the evaporation of fermented urine, it should not be followed. 



The floor should be sprinkled daily with a very thin coat 

 of one of the fixers, land plaster being one of the best. If 

 it is desired to hinder fermentation, a preservative may be 

 sprinkled on the manure pile daily. 



As has been seen, the manures from difierent animals 

 difier considerably in their qualities. For special purposes 



