CHAPTER XXXIV. 

 TURNIPS. 



Turnip. Brassica napus. 



French, navet ; German, herbst-riibe ; Dutch, raap ; 

 Danish, roe; Italian, navone; Spanish and Portuguese, 

 nabo. 



Kohl-Rabi. Brassica caulo-rapa. 



French, choux-raves ; German, knollkohl ; Flemish, raap- 

 kool; Italian, cavolo-rapa. 



Rutabaga. Idem. 



French, choux-navets ; German, kohlriibe ; Dutch, kool- 

 raapen onder den grond ; Italian, cavolo navone. 



These members of the cabbage family are somewhat 

 arbitrarily classed as turnips for convenience and in ac- 

 cordance with local popular usage. Kohl-rabi has swollen 

 stem, clearly above ground; rutabaga has a swollen root 

 partly above ground, partly below; the turnip proper is 

 another species of brassica, which has a swollen root and a 

 manner of growth like rutabaga. In California all these 

 vegetables take a much lower rank in popularity and use- 

 fulness than the cabbage group of the same genus dis- 

 cussed in a previous chapter ; judged as root crops they are 

 inferior in use and esteem to the other esculent roots al- 

 ready considered. They have no local standing whatever 

 for stock purposes, for two reasons at least : they do not 

 endure well our summer heat and drought, but become a 

 prey to fungus and unthrift ; they will not rest and start 

 again for larger root-expansion, as do the beet and the 

 carrot. Such being their weakness and perversity, the 

 stock feeder abandons them, which he can readily afford 

 to do in view of the fact that he has many other more ser- 

 viceable crops. He can have any quantity of immense 



