21 



and roofing-slates. The principal sources of these 

 materials in Canada may be briefly noticed. 



BRICK CLAY. 



Brick clay is met with abundantly in almost every 

 part of the great champaign region of Canada, where 

 there are few towns of any size in the vicinity of 

 which bricks are not manufactured. That they are 

 not more generally used for building is due to the 

 fact that quarries of excellent and easily wrought 

 stone are common throughout the province. Through 

 the western division of the champaign country, and 

 in the westernmost parts of the eastern division, as 

 near Brockville, there is found a lay which yields 

 white, yellowish or cream-colored bricks, which are 

 much esteemed for building, and are carried to 

 Montreal and Quebec. This clay is in many parts 

 overlaid by another, which gives red bricks. From 

 eight to ten million are yearly made at Toronto, of 

 which perhaps one half are white bricks. These are 

 sold at the kilns at from $5.50 to $6.00 the thousand, 

 (twenty-two to twenty-four shillings sterling,) while 

 the red bricks are worth from $3.00 to $4.00. At Mon- 

 treal there are several brick makers, of which the 

 two principal ones manufacture together about 

 12,000,000 of red bricks, the ordinary price of which 

 is about $5.00 the thousand. 



Many of these clays are fit for coarse pottery and 

 for tiles for agricultural draining, both of which are 

 manufactured at numerous places throughout the 

 province; while at Quebec glazed earthenware 

 pipes are extensively made for street and house 

 drains. 



