X INTBODUCIION. 



was the Mya gli/cinieris of Born. Lamarck's view of this genus was the 

 same as that accorded to it by Klein, its founder, in 1753, and still 

 insisted upon in modern days by Dr. Paul Fischer iu his ' Manuel.' 



Herman nssen has been followed in treating Philippi's Pti/china as a 

 synonym of James Sowerby's Axinus of 1821, which name had been 

 utilized by W. Kirby in 1817 for a Coleopterous insect. This is, how- 

 ever, queried, as the characters of the Sowerbian genus being founded on 

 a fossil are somewhat obscure. The next genus is Newra of J. E. Gray, 

 1834, which is changed on the grounds of its preoccupation by llobineau- 

 Desvoidy *, 1830, for a Dipteroid— this now becomes Cuspidaria of G. D. 

 Nardo, 1840, first called attention to, it is believed, in Hermannsseu's 

 ' ludicis,' and which has since been used by Dr. Pischer. 



Dactylina of J. E. Gray, 1847, is superseded by his Thovana, because 

 the first mentioned had been used by Zborezewski t in 1843 for a genus 

 of Foraminifera. 



Among the Gasteropods we find that Lamarck's generic name of Tere- 

 IcUum, having been preoccupied by Linnaeus J for an Annelid, must give 

 way to Seraphs of Montfort, 1810. 



De Montfort's genus Triton still continues a favourite name with 

 couchologists, though applied by Linnaeus § to a Cirripede in 1767. 

 To escape from this difficulty some authors have substituted Tritonium of 

 Link, 1807 ; but this is not allowable, as it differs from Miiller's genus of 

 the same name founded in 1776 ; Perry's Monoplex is unsuitable, as it 

 comprises different genera. We therefore introduce Schumacher's Lam- 

 pusia of 1817, an unoccupied name, and the limits of which are fairly 

 well defined. Humphrey's Triplex, 1797, is used in place of Fteronotas 

 of Swainson, 1840, preoccupied by J. E. Gray || in 1838 for a Bat. 

 Another of Swainson's genera has been changed, viz. Leiostoma, a name 

 applied by Lacepedo % in 1802 to a Fish. This now stands as Si/cum of 

 Bayle, 1880. 



An instance of how list-names have crept into conchological literature 

 is to be noticed in the case of Lampania of J. E. Gray, usually quoted 

 by authors as 1840, a period when it was a mere list-name. In 1842 

 W. H. Benson diagnosed his genus BaiiUaria, using as his type the 

 Cerithium zonale of Lamarck, to which J. E. Gray in 1847 had actually 

 applied his manuscript name of Lampania. Therefore it is very clear 



* Ukra. Ac. B Sci. Inst. France, 1830, vol. 2. p. 84. 

 t Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou, 1843, vol. 16. p. 363. 

 { Systema Naturse, 1767, ed. 12, toI. 1. p. 1092. 

 § lUd. 



i Mag. Zool. Bot. (Jardine &e.) 1838, toI. 2. p. 500. 

 4' His'- Nat. Poissons, 1802, toI. 4. p. 439. 



